【作者】 智国平；

【导师】 许纯新；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本文结合国家自然科学基金项目（50075033）“工程机械智能自动变速技术研究”，对ZL50轮式装载机的智能自动换挡技术进行了理论及工程应用研究。笔者在全面总结前人研究成果的基础上，以ZL50轮式装载机为研究对象，从系统开发的角度，较为深入的论述了工程车辆自动换挡系统开发的整个过程，主要包括换挡控制策略的制定及基于该策略的智能化换挡控制系统的软硬件系统的设计和开发。此外，我们还通过计算机仿真及台架试验的手段对该系统的实际控制试验中所存效果进行验证，对在的问题进行了具体的分析和处理从而使该系统能更加稳定的工作。全文共六章，以下我们将对各章所阐述的内容及所做的科研工作进行介绍。绪论本章首先介绍了车辆自动变速技术的发展历程及现阶段的发展状况，然后，通过阐述工程机械液力机械传动系统所存在的传动效率低的缺陷，指出给工程车辆配置多挡位动力换挡变速器同时采用智能化自动换挡变速技术进行自动换挡是解决这一问题切实可行的措施，由此论述了工程机械自动换挡变速技术研究的深刻意义并进一步介绍了工程机械自动换挡变速系统的概念及设计原则；最后，明确提出了本论文的主要研究内容。传动系统建模与动力性分析本章的研究工作主要包括两方面的内容。首先，建立了ZL50轮式装载机的动力传动系统各组成要素的数学模型作为后续进行自动换挡系统换挡控制过程计算机仿真的理论基础；然后，具体论述了液力机械传动系统在实际工作中所存在的动力性不足的问题及改善措施，并进一步论证了采用多挡位动力换挡变速器及自动换挡技术这一方案的可行性。智能化换挡控制策略研究智能化换挡控制策略是进行自动换挡系统开发的理论基础，也是本论文的核心内容。笔者在深入研究车辆各种换挡策略的基础上，针对工程车辆作业过程复杂的特点，提出了基于动力传动系统联合控制思想的换挡控制策略。该策<WP=103>略将换挡控制过程分为最优挡位决策模块和换挡过程控制模块两部分。最优挡位决策模块要完成的任务是根据车辆在某一特定工况下的状态参数识别车辆当前的作业状态并判断该时刻的最优挡位；换挡过程控制模块完成的任务是根据最优换挡决策算法的推理结果，通过油门位置的实时调节对换挡过程进行控制，保证车辆传动系统处于最佳运行状态。该策略所采用的控制手段体现了传统控制思想与智能控制思想相结合的控制理念。自动换挡控制系统开发自动换挡控制系统是实现换挡控制策略的平台，本章主要介绍了轮式装载机自动换挡控制器硬件电路的设计及其软件系统的开发过程，在设计过程中采用模块化设计方法，对换挡系统的各个功能模块，从硬件电路设计到相关算法的程序实现都单独开发，然后以程序中断或子程序调用的形式与主程序有机的结合在一起，保证程序的可靠运行。自动换挡系统仿真分析及台架试验本章通过对我们所开发的ZL50轮式装载机自动换挡系统的换挡过程的计算机仿真分析及台架试验，进一步验证了我们所采用的换挡控制策略的可行性。考虑到台架试验中对负载的模拟与车辆在实际作业过程中所受的外界负载有所不同，而且台架试验没有使换挡控制器的智能化特征得到充分体现等因素，要使得该控制系统能在实际工程车辆上达到实际应用的程度，我们还需要做进一步的试验工作。全文总结本章论述了该论文的主要研究成果及创新思想。更多还原

【Abstract】 Combined with the project of National Foundation for Natural Sciences “Research on Automatic Transmission Technology for Construction Machinery” (serial number:50075033),this paper focused on the research for theory and engineering application of Automatic Transmission Technology of construction vehicle.Based on the previous research findings, with ZL50 Wheel Loader as research subject, the author deals with the overall process of construction vehicle automatic gear shifting system developing from the angle of system development,which mainly includes the establishment of gear shifting control strategy and the hardware system and software system designing and development of the gear shifting controller,in addition,we validated the actual control effect of the control system by means of computer simulation and bench test, in regard to the problem being in the test,We made profound analysis and disposal,which cause the control system operate more effectively.The whole paper consists of six chapter.We will set forth main content and scientific effort of every chapter.Chapter One ExordiumIn chapter one, the development of vehicle automatic transmission oversea and inland is introduced firstly according to the natural timetable and importance of the technology in construction machinery is emphasized. In addition,the chapter point out the limitation of lower transmission efficiency of construction machinery hydrodynamic machien transmission system , and come up with a practical and effective method to settle the problem,furthermore,We discourse upon the profound significance in the research of construction machinery automatic gear shifting technology,the basic conception and design principle of construction machinery automatic transmission system..At last,the chapter explicitly bring <WP=105>forward the main research content of the paper. Chapter Two Transmission system modeling and dynamical analysisThe main research effort consist of several subjects.Above all,We establish mathematical model of ZL50 Weel Loader dynamical system and transmission system,which is the theoretical basis of the following computer simulation.In addition,the chaper set forth the problem being in dynamic performance of the construction machinery hydrodynamic machien transmission system and resolvent, further demonstrate the feasibility of the project.Chapter Three The research of intellectualized transmission shift strategyIntellectualized transmission shift strategy is the theoretical basis in the development of Automatic gear shifting system,which is also the kernel content of the paper.After focusing on prevalent transmission shift strategy,in view of the work characteristics of construction machinery,the author comes up with a transmission shift control strategy which is based on the ideology of dynamic system and transmission system joint control.the control strategy consists of optimal shift decision-making module and gear shifting process control module.the task of optimal shift decision-making module is judge.the optimal shift of a certain time according to the status parameter of the vehicle in the time of day.The job of the gear shifting process control module is real-time regulate the accelerograph controller by the conclusion result of the optimal shift decision-making module,which insure the vehicle keep in optimal running state.the control strategy embody the ideology which is the unite of traditional control methods and intelligent control methods.Chapter Four The development of automatic gear shifting control systemThe automatic gear shifting control system is the flat roof of materializing the transmission shifting strategy.The chapter mainly treat with the whole process of the design of hardware system and the development of software system of the Weel Loader automatic transmission shift controller.In the process of designing,We adopt the blocking design ideology,In regard to every functional module,from the design of hardware circuit to the program realization of correlative arithmetic,We develop inde更多还原