【作者】 卢守峰；

【导师】 杨兆升；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 交通信息工程及控制， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 城市交通流动态诱导系统是智能交通系统的重要组成部分，其中车载诱导装置是实现动态交通流诱导和汽车信息化的必备装备。该装置旨在通过向驾驶员提供行程时间最优路线、行程时间次最优路线、行程时间次次最优路线（行程时间路线的计算基于交通检测器、探测车等检测到的交通参数、交通事故数据、道路施工信息），来实现诱导驾驶员出行行为，平衡路网交通流量负荷，减少车辆在路上的行程时间，进而充分利用路网资源，实现缓解交通拥挤，改善交通运行环境的目的。本文的研究目的是为车载诱导装置的开发提供技术指导，为如何实现地图匹配提供实用的地图匹配算法，为基于车载诱导装置进行动态交通数据采集所必需的探测车百分比和报告频率提供数学分析与经验值。本文的依托课题之一“十五”国家科技攻关重大项目“智能交通系统关键技术开发和示范工程”之课题“车载信息装置开发”，是对车载信息装置的关键技术进行研究，为车载信息装置的产品开发提供技术支持，为实现车载信息装置产业化奠定基础。依托的课题之二“长春市长春大街智能化管理交通诱导系统研究”是对交通流动态诱导信息的采集技术、处理技术、发布技术进行研究。以上两个课题的研究内容为城市交通流动态诱导系统的实施提供了技术支持，城市交通流动态诱导系统的实施对平衡城市路网交通流量负荷，缓解城市交通拥挤起到重要的作用。本文的主要研究内容是：结合市场需求，进行分布式车载诱导装置的面向对象系统分析与设计，通过定义车载诱导装置的类和对象，进行分析车载诱导装置的功能和功能流程，设计车载诱导装置的物理模块和物理布局，这对开发具有实时车辆定位、动态路径诱导、语音导航功能的嵌入式车载诱导装置具有重要的指导作用。同时系统地提出了一种实用的地图匹配算法，并在此基础上完成了车载诱导装置地图匹配模块的开发。最后进行了车载诱导装置的动态交通数据采集功能的开发，并对用于动态交通数据采集的探测车百分比和报告频率进行了数学分析，给出了经验值。围绕以上研究内容，本文的论文结构共分为五章。第一章为绪论；第二章为车载诱导装置的面向对象系统分析与设计；第三章为用于城市交通流诱导的<WP=95>地图匹配算法研究；第四章为车载诱导装置的行程时间数据采集功能设计；第五章为结论与展望。本文的主要研究成果如下：对车载诱导装置进行了面向对象的系统分析与设计，给出了Use Case框图、Collaboration框图、Class框图、State Transition框图、Component框图、Deployment框图。该成果为车载诱导装置的开发提供了技术指导。系统地提出了一种实用的地图匹配算法，并基于该算法开发了地图匹配模块。该成果能够实现车辆行驶过程中的实时定位与匹配，为实现动态车辆导航奠定了基础。开发了基于车载诱导装置的动态交通数据采集模块，能够实现行程时间、速度等动态交通信息的实时采集。该成果为行程时间信息的估计与预测提供了数据源，为提高动态诱导信息的准确性提供了前提。对利用探测车进行路网动态交通信息采集所必需的探测车数量百分比和报告频率进行数学分析，并给出了经验值。该成果为利用探测车进行路网动态交通信息采集所需的费用和可行性提供了依据。以上研究成果为实现车载诱导装置产品化开发提供了技术支持。在车载诱导装置关键技术开发方面，还需进一步考虑的问题：随着车载诱导装置的市场需求日益强烈，应根据市场需求对车载诱导装置面向对象的系统分析和设计进行不断的补充与改进。随着地图数据库包含信息的进一步详细，地图匹配算法也应进一步研究。对路网级别上的探测车动态交通信息采集技术作进一步研究。随着车载诱导装置产业化进程的推进，对嵌入式车载诱导装置的硬件系统设计与集成、操作系统选择与裁剪、软件系统开发等作进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dynamic Traffic Flow Guidance System is an important component of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). On-board Guidance Equipment (OGE) is the necessary Equipment for realizing dynamic traffic flow guidance and informational automobile. OGE provides the optimal route, the second optimal route, the third optimal route to drivers, which are the shortest route of travel time. Travel time can be estimated and predicted based on the data collected by traffic flow sensors and Probe vehicels. Through dynamic traffic flow guidance, traffic volume of the whole road network can be equipoised, thus route travel time of the travellers can be relieved, and traffic congestion can be relieved, and traffic environment can be improved.The purpose of the thesis is to provide technical instruction for the development of OGE, to provide a Map-Matching algorithm, and to provide mathematical analysis and expirical value of necessary probes and report frequency for dynamic traffic data collection.The thesis is supported by “The development of On-board Information Device” which is the fifteen national key research programme “Key technology development of Intellignet Traffic Systems and demonstration project” and by “Traffic flow guidance system for intellgent management of ChangChun Street in ChangChun city” which is the program of Science and Technology Office of ChangChun city. The first supported program has the research of key technologies of On-board Information Device, and is the foundation of industrialization of On-board Information Device. The second program has the research of collection technologies, processing technologies, distribution technologies of dynamic traffic flow guidance information. The main research content of the thesis is: First, based on the market requirements, does the Oriented-Object system analysis and design of distributed On-board guidance device. This has an important instruction of the development of OGE, which has the function of real-time positioning, dynamic route guidance, voice navigation. Second, puts forward a Map-Matching algorithm and programs the Map-Matching module with Visual Basic 6.0. Lastly, does the development of dynamic traffic data collection module, and provides the mathematical analysis and empirical value of probes for dynamic traffic data collection.Based on research content above, constructure of the thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is Introduction; The second chapter is Oriented-Object System Analysis and Design of On-biard Guidance Device; The third chapter is <WP=97>Research on Map-Matching Algorithm of Urban Traffic Flow Guidance; The fourth chapter is Design of Travel Time Data Collection Function of On-board Guidance Device; The fifth chapter is Conclusion and Prospect.The research achievement of the thesis is: Does the Oriented-Object System Analysis and Design of On-board Guidance Device, and provides Use Case figure, Collaboration figure, Class figure, State Transition figure, Component figure, Deployment figure. This achievement provides the instruction for the development of On-board Guidance Device.Puts forward a Map-Matching algorithm, and programs the Map-Matching module in Visual Basic 6.0. This achievement can realize the real-time positioning and map-matching, and provide the foundation for dynamic vehicle navigation.Does the development of dynamic traffic data colleciton module of On-board Guidance Device. This module can collect dynamic traffic data such as travel time, speed in real-time. This achievement provide the data source for estimation and prediction of travel time and improve the accurancy of dynamic guidance information.Provides the mathematical analysis and empirical value for probe vehicle counts and reporting frequency for dynamic traffic data collection. This achievement provides the analysis of costs and feasibility for dynamic traffic data collection based on probe vehicles.Achievements above provides the technical support for industrialization of On-board Guidance Device.In the future, th更多还原