【作者】 宁龙梅；

【导师】 王学雷；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（测量与地球物理研究所） ， 自然地理学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 湿地是介于水生生态系统和陆生生态系统之间的一种特殊的生态系统，是自然界最富生物多样性的生态景观和人类最重要的生存环境之一。它因具有巨大的水文和元素循环功能，被称为“地球之肾”：因具有巨大的食物网、支持多样性的生物被看作“生物超市”。然而全球环境演变尤其是土地利用和土地覆盖的变化以及人类活动对湿地影响的规模与速度的扩大，使得湿地面积缩小，生物多样性减少，功能也随之退化。因此开展湿地生态功能研究和动态监测对于湿地的保护、恢复和可持续利用具有重要意义。 本文采用湿地景观生态学的基本理论和方法对武汉市湿地功能以及景观格局变化进行了研究。利用1996年和2001年两个时期的遥感数据作为基本的信息源，建立武汉市湿地空间数据库。选取相关的景观空间格局指标，建立景观格局指标体系，对湿地景观的动态变化进行分析。并采用马尔科夫模型对研究区域的湿地景观类型的转化进行模拟。通过分析湿地景观空间格局分布、变化，剖析湿地景观演化的机制，了解湿地景观组分之间的关系，研究城市湿地功能的变化，探索城市湿地的保护、湿地景观规划与建设的合理之路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wetland is a natural body existing between water and land as a transitional conformation, which has the richest biology diversity in nature, and is one of the most important surviving environment of human being. It is not only called as "kidney of earth" because it has tremendous function of water and element cycle, but also named as "biology supermarket" because of its big food meshwork and offering living environment for most biology in nature. But with expanding of the affection of global environment changing especially the change of land utilization and human activity, the area of wetland is reducing, the biology diversity is decreasing, and the wetland function is retrogressing. So it is great signification on wetland protection and restoration to research on the dynamic change of wetland and its function. The paper discussed the method and results of the research by RS(Remote Sensing) and GIS(Geographic Information System), and studied on the wetland function and landscape structure as well as its dynamic change in Wuhan city based on the theory and method of wetland landscape ecology. Using 1996 and 2001 remote sensing data as basic information resource and with the support GIS, a spatial information dataset is built up. Through selecting the indices such as patch size, fractal dimension, fragmentation, diversity and dominance index, etc., the dynamic development of wetland landscape pattern is analyzed. At the same time, the simulation for transformation of wetland landscape types using Markov process has done. Through the above work we attempt to search after reasonable method of protecting and restoration of wetland in Wuhan. The status of wetland resources, the wetland landscape structure and its dynamic change tendency have been got by the following step. At first interpreting the wetland type of the same area but different periods on the image from RS, And then analyzing and processing the results of the interpretation with the help of CIS software, and thus getting the surveying outcome about wetland landscape, at last comparing and analyzing the above results timely and accurately.更多还原