【作者】 吴鹏飞；

【导师】 廖安平； 韦藤幼； 童张法；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 化学工艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 醋酸丁酯是一种性能优良的有机溶剂，广泛用于制药，涂料等行业。醋酸酯化传统上一般使用浓硫酸作催化剂，虽然转化率高，但存在着副反应多，腐蚀严重，后处理复杂和污染等问题。研究采用以固体酸为催化剂的连续反应精馏技术生产醋酸丁酯新工艺，该工艺通过反应精馏塔将化学反应过程与精馏分离过程耦合为一体，具有转化率高、选择性好、能耗低、操作容易、投资省、生产效率高、设备腐蚀轻及副反应少等一系列优点，并应用于企业的生产中，取得了一定的经济效益。 但是实践发现反应精馏工艺仍有需要改进之处，如从反应精馏塔出来的粗酯酸值高需要中和，精馏塔顶的返回料较多降低了生产效率。因此本文结合前人的研究工作在模拟优化的基础上，对该工艺流程做出了两处改进。一是反应精馏塔以前全是装填催化反应填料，一边反应一边分离，现在的反应精馏塔该由三部分组成，上部为具有部分冷凝作用的精馏段，装填普通填料；中部为反应精馏段，如同以前装有催化反应填料；下部为提馏段，装填普通的精馏。其中塔上部的精馏 广西大学硕士学位论文催化蒸馏生产醋酸丁醋新工艺模拟优化段，具有回流量内部自动调节、控制响应速度快、操作能耗低等优点，在间歇精馏、共沸精馏中有着良好的应用前景。二是在反应塔和精馏塔间省去了中和工序，采用直接精馏粗醋以除去其中的少量醋酸。 本文用VisualC++编程，在分别对精馏塔和改进后反应精馏塔进行模拟计算后，进一步对改进后的整个工艺流程进行了模拟和优化，得到了该流程的操作规律和最佳工作状况，模拟结果表明采用改进后的流程后，不仅得到质量更优的醋酸丁醋，而且简化了原工艺流程，提高了生产效益，从理论上证明了本工艺流程的可行性和优越性，为下一步的实验研究提供了方向和指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 N-butyl acetate is of excellent performance as an organic, which is widely used in the pharmacy and the painting. Conventionally, sulfuric acid is often used as catalyst in the esterification of acetic acid. Although the rate of conversion is high in the process, many problems exists, such as too much secondary reaction, serious corrosion, complicated final treatment and pollution. The new technology to produce n-butyl acetate by continuously catalytic distillation technique with solid acid catalyst was combined with chemical reaction and separation process by reaction distillation tower. It had many advantages to produce n-butyl acetate by continuously catalytic distillation technique with solid acid catalyst, such as higher conversion, better selectivity, lower energy consumption, more simple operation, less investment, higher efficiency, less corrosion and side-reaction, and so on. It has been applied in industry and yielded a good economic returns.However, the technology still need to be improved, ie. the concentration of acid in crude ester is quite high, which needs neutralization, and the more out-feed decreases the efficiency. So on the basis of previous simulation and optimization, two parts of the technology were modified. Firstly, the previous single reaction section was changedinto three parts, the upper part is distillation section with partial condensation, the middle the reaction section and the below the stripping section. The upper distillation section has many advantages, such as the inner automatic adjustment of reflux, faster responding speed controlled by reflux and lower energy consumption. It has good applying prospective in the batch distillation and the azeotropic distillation. Secondly, the neutralization process was removed between the reaction tower and distillation tower, and the direct distillation can also remove small quantity of acetic acid.By use of Visual C++, the whole modified process after calculating the distillation tower and reaction tower was simulated respectively, and the operation rule and optimum operation condition was obtained. The results showed that the quality of n-butyl acetate was satisfactory, the old process reduced, and the efficiency was quite higher after being modified. Therefore the feasibility and superiority of new technology was proved in theory, and the direction and instruction for the next research was put forward.更多还原