【作者】 黄永敬；

【导师】 卢美英；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 植物营养学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 对交叉封行的大乌圆龙眼树进行重回缩修剪，平均树高从4.3米压缩至1.1米，剪后用多效唑、乙烯利、氯酸钾调节生长、控梢促花。然后分析测定不同处理的重回缩修剪树其矿质营养、内源激素的含量，结果表明： 1、对枝条生长的影响 实施重回缩修剪的大乌圆龙眼枝条徒长明显，随着梢次数的增加，徒长性减弱，施用PP₃₃₃能抑制枝条的徒长；而常规修剪树枝条长势中庸，无徒长现象。 2、对矿质营养含量的影响 重回缩修剪降低了大乌圆叶片的N、P、K、Ca、Cu、Zn的含量；施用乙烯利等控冬梢措施明显提高了重回缩修剪树叶片的Mg、Zn含量。在龙眼花芽生理分化期，常规修剪+冬季喷乙烯利控梢处理叶片的N、P、Mg、Cu、Mn、Fe含量明显比其它处理高。而不同处理对B元素的影响没有规律性。 3、对内源激素含量的影响 重回缩修剪降低了叶片中的ETH、IAA含量，但增加了GA₃、ZT含量。在龙眼花芽生理分化期，控冬梢处理叶片的ETH、IAA含量比不控处理高，而GA₃刚好相反；同时发现常规修剪+冬季喷乙烯利处理叶片的ABA、GA₃量明显比其它处理低。 4、对内源激素平衡的影响 实施重回缩修剪降低了叶片的ABA／GA₃比值，但增加ZT／ABA、ZT／IAA比值。在龙眼花芽生理分化期，广西大学硕士学位论文不同处理对龙眼重回缩修剪树的生理效应常规修剪+冬季啧乙烯利处理叶片的zT/GA3、ABA/GA3、ZT/ABA比值均比其它处理高，而AB刀l从比值刚好相反;重回缩修剪处理中，重剪后控冬梢处理的Z丁/GA。比值比不控处理高，而ABA/!从相反。 5、重回缩修剪后施即333有利于提高大乌圆龙眼叶片的N、P、K、E丁H、!AA、ABA含量，但降低，ZT含量和ZT/ 1 AA、ZT/ABA比值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Heavy retractive pruning was carried out on the longan trees (Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Dawuyuan) which intersected each other. The trees were pruned bock to a average height of 1.1m from 4.3m. After pruning, PP333 ,CEPA and KCLO3 were applied to adjust growth and promote flowering of treated trees. The mineral nutritions and endogenous hormone contents were tested after implementing heavy retractive pruning. The results showed as follows:1 .The effects on shoots growth The shoot growth was stimulated greatly after implementing heavy retractive pruning. The growth of trees becomed less vigorous as the times of flush increased, PP333 restrained the growth of shoots. While trees with normal pruning showed a moderate growth without water shoots.2.The effects on nutrient element contents N, P, K, Ca, Cu and Zn contents in the leaves reduced after implementing heavy retractive pruning; Mg and Zn contents in the leaves of trees of heavy retractive pruning + winter flush controlling increased remarkably. In the critical period of bud physiological differentiation of longan, N, P, Mg, Mn, Cu and Fe contents in the leaves of trees of normal pruning + winter flush controlling with CEPA were higher than those of others. There was not a regularity to follow about the effects of different treatments on B elements.3. The effects on endogenous hormone contents ETH and IAA contents in theleaves was reduced after implementing heavy retractive pruning, with an increase of GA3 and ZT contents. In the critical period of bud physiological differentiation of Longan, ETH and IAA contents in leaves of trees of winter flush controlling were higher than those of trees without winter flush controlling; but GA3 content is reverse. At the same time, GA3 and ABA contents in the leaves of trees of normal pruning + winter flush controlling were lower than those of others.4. The effects on balance of endogenous hormone ABA/GA3 ratio in leaves was reduced after implementing heavy retractive pruning, while ZT/ABA and ZT/IAA ratios were increased. In the critical period of bud physiological differentiation of Longan, ZT/GA3,ZT/ABA and ABA/GA3 ratios in the leaves of trees of normal pruning+winter flush controlling with CEPA were higher than those of others, while ABA/IAA ratio is reverse; the ZT/GA3 ratio in the leaves of trees of heavy retractive pruning + winter flush controlling was higher than those of without winter flush controlling, while the ABA/IAA ratio is reverse.5. The effect of PP333 Applying PP333 after heavy retractive pruning increased the contents of N, P, K, ETH, IAA and ABA, and decreased the content of ZT and the ratios ZT/IAA,ZT/ABA in the leaves.更多还原