【作者】 张杰；

【导师】 曲福田；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 土地资源管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济与社会快速发展，可持续发展战略越来越引起各级政府高度重视，近年来，我国的土地破坏和生态环境的恶化已达到惊人的程度。特别是我国是一个矿业大国，矿区土地复垦与生态重建工作是我国资源枯竭型城市永续发展的重中之重的核心工作。那么如何对我国矿区进行有效地开展土地复垦、恢复生态环境，以达到可持续发展的目的，是摆在我国各级政府面前的一个重大课题。 由于历史的原因，我国的矿区土地复垦与生态重建工作远远滞后于其他发达国家，特别是我国解放后建立的矿区(煤炭基地)，到现在已经有相当一部分到了资源枯竭时期，矿区经营状况举步维艰，失业、下岗的职工增多，给社会造成了很大的压力。企业根本上无力进行土地复垦和生态重建。针对这个难题，作者对我国的矿区土地复垦与生态重建管理方式和工程技术措施进行了探讨。探索出我国矿区土地复垦与生态重建的新途径。 论文以可持续发展理论为理论支撑，以土地资源管理学、管理学、生态学等理论与我国典型矿区成功案例相结合，对我国矿区土地复垦与生态重建进行了深入细致地分析和研究，最终上升到理论高度，总结出我国矿区土地复垦与生态重建的普遍性和特殊性，为我国的其它矿区土地复垦和生态重建的实践与理论研究提供借鉴。 本论文主要包括以下七个部分内容： 第一部分是导论。阐述了论文提出的背景，国内外矿区土地复垦与生态重建实施状况，明确了本论文的实现目标及研究的技术路线。第二部分全面阐述了矿区土地复垦与生态重建的理论基础——可持续发展理论，作为本论文研究的理论支撑点。阐明了矿区土地复垦与生态重建是我国矿业城市转型的一个重要途径。第三部分全面分析了我国矿区产生的环境地质灾害的严重性。第四部分对土地复垦与生态重建工作存在的主要问题及产生这些问题的原因进行了全面分析。第五部分从工程技术措施和管理措施两个方面，就矿区土地复垦与生态重建提出切实可行的建议。第六部分以平塑安太堡、唐山、抚顺三个典型矿区为例，对三个矿区实施的土地复垦与生态重建规划方案进行解析。根据我国的具有代表性的矿山土地复垦实践，验证本文所阐述的理论、方法及观点的正确性。最后部分为结语，归纳出我国矿区土地复垦与生态重建的对策与建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of economy and society in China, the strategy of sustainable development has attracted more and more attention of the government. In recent years, land degradation and environmental deterioration is shockingly serious. Especially since China has rich mineral resources, land reclamation and eco-reconstruction are essential in sustainable development of resource-scarce cities. Thus how to reclaim land effectively and restore eco-environment to maintain sustainable development of mining areas has become a significant problem that the government has to solve.For historical reasons, China falls far behind other countries in land reclamation in mining areas, especially in those areas (coal bases) set up after 1949 where resources are becoming scarce, mining enterprises are unprofitable and unemployment brings social pressure while mining companies cannot afford to carry out land reclamation and eco-reconstruction. This paper discusses about land reclamation supervision and engineering techniques and puts forward the approach to land reclamation and eco-reconstruction in mining areas in present China.Based on the theory of sustainable development, the paper studies the problem of land reclamation and eco-reconstruction in mining areas by applying the theories of mining, management, ecology and geology to successful cases. It is the first comprehensive paper on this subject in China and can be used as a reference to other mining areas.The paper has five parts. The first paper gives a brief introduction on the background and the present situation of land reclamation and eco-reconstruction in home and abroad and explains the objective and methods of the study. In the second part the theory of sustainable development is expounded as a theoretical foundation of the study and the author points out that land reclamation and eco-reconstruction are very important for the transition of mining cities. The third part introduces in detail the serious environmental and geological disasters in mining areas, and analyses the main problems in land reclamation and eco-reconstructionand their causes. Besides, some suggestions on engineering techniques and supervision methods are proposed. The fourth part makes a case study in Antaibao, Tangshan and Fushun to validate the theories mentioned above. Some countermeasures and suggestions are summarized in the last concluding part.更多还原