【作者】 李增武；

【导师】 赵梁军；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 园林植物与观赏园艺， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究通过对四个野蔷薇(Rosa multiflora)(荷花蔷薇和无刺变异No.3，No.4，No.11)间人工杂交，分析比较不同杂交组合的亲和性和杂交后代性状分离规律，从中筛选适合于生产月季实生砧木的亲本组合；同时研究蔷薇根颈的发生和生长规律以及对其长度的调控方法，为更好的利用实生砧木提供依据。研究结果表明： 1．四个野蔷薇杂交后代的性状普遍发生了分离，从中有利于选育优良月季砧木。然而通过控制亲本的授粉组合可以提高实生砧木的质量，其中No.3×No.4、No.4×No.3和No.11×No.3三个组合适合生产月季实生砧木。 2．从外部形态看蔷薇实生苗的根颈由幼苗的下胚轴发育而来；观察幼苗的解剖学结构，发现根颈由子叶节区和下胚轴组成，初生维管系统在根和茎之间的转变发生在胚轴上很短的子叶节区。 3．对一批播种的发芽种子遮荫可有效延长根颈的长度，但根颈伸长的同时也降低了其粗度，从而影响了蔷薇苗后期的生长；因此根颈的长度应控制在能满足嫁接要求范围之内(2.5-3.5cm)。 4．根颈长度的分布主要受种子发芽整齐度，遮荫时间和强度的影响。种子发芽整齐度可通过盐水分级等方法来提高，然后在4.62±1.1μmol／(m~2S~1)的光强下遮荫14d，则最大程度的得到根颈长符合要求的砧木。更多还原

【Abstract】 The experiment was conducted by crossing four variations of Rosa multiflora (R..multiflora ’inermis No.3’, ’inermis No.4’, ’inermis No.ll’ and R.mutiflora Thunb.f.carnea ) and analyzing their cross-compatibility and character segregations among their offspring in order to select the best cross combinations that are able to produce excellent seedlings of rose rootstock and helpful for further researches in this project. Meanwhile, laws on seedling crown formation and ways of controlling its elongation have been studied so as to make better use of seedling rootstock . The experiment results are presented as follows:1.Althought character segregations were obvious among hybrids, which showed great potential on further selections. Offspring, which are uniform , strong and suitable to produce seedling rootstock , were produced from the combinations of No.3×No.4,No.4×No.3 and No. 11×No.3.2.From exteral appearance, the root crown develops from the Hypocotyl, while anatomically, it is consist of the Cotyledon Node Zone and Hypocotyl .The convertion of primary vascular system occurs in the Cotyledon Node Zone between root and stem.3.While shading is useful for the elongation of root crown, its diameter is likely to reduce, which brings negative effects on the later stage of seedling growth. Therefore it is suggested that the length of root crown should be controlled in the range of 2.5 to 3.5cm in order to meet the need of grafting.4.The distribution of crown length is mainly affected by the uniformity of seed germination, the amount of shading time and intensity, The idea rootstock with long root crown are most likely to be available under the conditions of 14 days overshadowe at the light intensity of (4.62±1.1) u mol/( m2.S), after seed sorting by salt water and acid treatment by strong HCL and etc.更多还原