【作者】 李诺；

【导师】 佘锐萍；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验选用40只1日龄健康星杂蛋雏鸡为动物模型。 先对FBC0、FJC0、精制多糖和变性蛋白质4种黄芪提取物进行琼脂糖弥散实验，检测其对6株供试细菌的抗菌活性。 将40只星杂蛋雏鸡分为5组(1个对照组和4个实验组)，全部进行新城疫疫苗常规点眼、滴鼻免疫，从7日龄起，对试验组鸡饮服4种黄芪提取物溶液6周，每周进行心脏采血，用血凝抑制法(HI)测定血清NDV抗体水平：每周称量体重，计算增重率；扑杀实验鸡，取胸腺、脾脏、腔上囊等免疫器官称量，计算免疫器官指数；制作小肠组织切片，观察实验鸡肠黏膜免疫相关细胞的形态、结构、数量和分布情况及肠黏膜形态结构的变化。 实验结果显示： 1、此4种黄芪提取物琼脂糖弥散实验的抑菌环均不明显，说明它们的体外抗菌作用均不明显，增强机体抗病能力并不是通过直接抑菌作用达到的； 2、黄芪提取物可使实验组鸡的NDV血清抗体水平和免疫器官指数显著提高(p＜0.05或p＜0.01)，说明黄芪提取物可增强机体特异性体液免疫和促进中枢免疫器官的发育，从而增强鸡只的免疫功能； 3、黄芪提取物可使实验鸡增重和肠黏膜形态结构等指标显著提高(p＜0.05或p＜0.01)，说明黄芪提取物可改善肠道结构，增强小肠吸收、抗病功能，从而促进鸡只的生长发育，提高饲料利用率； 4、黄芪提取物可使实验组鸡肠黏膜免疫相关细胞的形态、结构和数量等各项指标明显高于对照组(p＜0.05或p＜0.01)，说明黄芪提取物可提高肠道免疫功能； 以上实验结果说明，黄芪的各种成分对鸡的生长发育、免疫功能及小肠消化吸收功能均有不同程度的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forty healthy one-day-old chickens were normally vaccinated with NDV vaccine and divided into 5 groups, including 1 controlled group and 4 test groups, 8 for each. Every test group was supplemented different 4 kinds of Astragalus root extraction in water from seven-day-old for 6 weeks. Every week, HI test results with heart blood and body weight were recorded to calculate the NDV antibody titers and the percent of the body weight gain. After forty-two days, the chickens were killed and the index numbers of thymus, spleen and bursa Fabricius were calculated. The morphological structure of mucosal epithelium in the small and large intestines, cecal tonsil and gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) were observed. Agarose diffusion assay was used to reveal their antibacterial activity to 6 bacteria strains. The results demonstrated that the 4 kinds of Astragalus root extraction have no antibacterial activity and could significantly enhance the percent of the body weight gain, the NDV antibody titers, the index numbers of thymus, spleen and bursa Fabricius ,the numbers of gut mucosa immunological cells and the thickness of gut mucosa, height of villus and V/C value in chickens of 4 test groups (p<0.05 or p<0.01) .更多还原