【作者】 郭磊；

【导师】 戚蓝；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 水工结构工程， 2004， 硕士

【摘要】 地应力问题是工程地质、岩石力学及相关学科的一个重要研究领域。构造应力是地应力的重要组成部分。对构造应力的研究不仅要确定构造应力的大小，还要包括构造应力作用形式和方向的确定。构造应力作用形式和方向的确定也是进一步初始地应力场回归计算的重要依据。详细了解构造应力的作用形式和方向对隧洞的洞线确定、地下洞室的方位布置，地下洞室开挖方式等都具有参考价值。目前构造应力作用研究还不能给出精确的解析解，其影响因素很多是模糊的。本文提出依据实测地应力值用模糊综合评判方法研究构造应力作用形式和组合。通过对地应力场构造应力场的研究，确定所有可能的构造应力场作用形式和组合方案。根据地质勘测资料(岩性指标)和测量资料(地形、地貌)，建立工程区岩体有限元计算模型，然后将各种构造应力作用组合形式作为边界荷载条件，利用有限元计算软件计算所有可能情况构造应力场作用形式和组合荷载情况下的应力。将计算出的各测孔位置的应力矢量计入构造应力作用库中。建立模糊隶属度函数，将实测地应力矢量与构造应力作用库中的进行比对，通过模糊综合评判得出各种构造应力场作用形式和组合的隶属度，分析得到最接近真实情况的构造应力场作用形式。本文提出根据断层信息模糊综合评判构造应力作用形式和组合。断层是在岩体中普遍存在的，断层信息（断层的走向、倾角及断距）不同程度上表征着构造应力作用形式和组合，也是判断构造应力方向不可忽略的信息。本文根据其断层走向与构造应力作用方向之间的关系，以走向作为评判因素集，构造应力荷载组合形式为评语集，分别给出不同走向下每种组合形式的隶属度。最终在已知断层信息的情况下，来综合判断该区域所属的最有可能构造应力组合形式。模糊综合评判构造应力场作用形式和组合是一种行之有效的方法。通过对上述两个内容的评判结果的相互印证，最终能够得出一个最接近实际的答案。模糊综合评判得出的结果比以往凭经验判断更有依据、更可靠、更有说服力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The In-situ stress problem is an important investigation area of engineering geology, rockmechanics and relating disciplines. Tectonic Stress is an important constituent of groundstress. To study on tectonic stress, not only its magnitude should be determined, butalso its action mode and direction. Determining the action mode and direction oftectonic stress is an important basing for further initial in-situ stress field regresscalculating. Acknowledging the action mode and direction of tectonic stress hasreference merit in determining cave line, location and excavation mode. Now, theprecise analytical of tectonic stress can’t be given due to many fuzzy influent factors. In this paper, the fuzzy comprehensive appraising method, base on actualmeasurement, is put forward to study the action form and combination scheme oftectonic stress. The entire possible action form and combination scheme of tectonicstress is determined by study on tectonic stress initial in-situ stress field. The finiteelement model is found basing on geology reconnaissance and survey data. Then, thestress of all possible action modes of tectonic stress is calculated with finite elementcomputer software by makes use of various tectonic stress combination form asboundary loading condition. The results of every gaging hole are reckoned in tectonicstress database. Founding the fuzzy subordinate function and comparing the actualsurvey in-situ stress vector with tectonic stress in database, the subordinate degrees ofvarious tectonic stress action forms and combination are educed. Analyzing with thesedegrees, the closest actual condition of tectonic stress action forms is got. The fuzzy comprehensive appraisal of tectonic stress action forms and combination isput forward base on fault information. The fault is universal existence in lithosome. To someextent, the fault information attributes the tectonic stress action forms and combination andis the need information to judge the direction of tectonic stress. According to therelations between the strike fault and the direction of tectonic stress, the subordinatedegree of each combination form of difference strike, whose appraisal factor set isstrike and comment set is load combination form of tectonic stress, is given. In theend, the most possible load combination form of tectonic stress, which belong to onearea, is comprehensively appraisal under the condition of known fault information. Analyzing with above method gets the closest actual condition solution. The result shows thatthe outcome of fuzzy comprehensive appraisal is more reliable and convince than judging withexperience. Therefore, the fuzzy comprehensively appraisal method is an effective meansin appraising the tectonic stress action form and combination and can be used inengineering practice.更多还原