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终端区空中交通流量管理的模型及算法研究

【作者】 何昕

【导师】 高超;

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 , 交通运输规划与管理, 2004, 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国民航事业迅猛的发展,航空器数量的不断增加,航班飞行架次平均增长率都在15%以上,同时因流量控制不当所造成的航班延误量也日益增加。因此,如何加强终端区内的空中交通流量管理,保证飞行的安全、流畅、有序和减少飞机延误,就成为民航当前极为迫切的任务。 本文主要针对终端区空中交通流量管理中的飞机排序问题,运用单机排序方法,将其转化为一带准备时间的累积旅行商问题(CTSP—RT)。首先建立此问题的数学模型,并采用启发式贪心算法对模型进行求解。考虑到某些接近下降跑道的飞机的随意改变可能会加重管制员的工作负担并造成危险以及这些飞机的过度延误。因此,本文提出了一种改进模型,该模型引入了两个与飞机移动位置相关的约束参数:最大移动位置(MPS)和相对移动位置(RPS)。由这两个参数来控制飞机在队列中的位置,从而有效的解决了上述问题。 采用本文给出的终端区飞机排序算法,对4个典型的飞机队列进行计算,其结果均优于先到先服务算法。因此可以更大限度的减少飞机的延误,进而降低因延误产生的相关费用。本文研究的方法对我国空中交通的流量管理具有一定的借鉴作用。

【Abstract】 The urgent problem facing the present civil airline is how to enhance the air traffic management in terminal area and to ensure the save of flight.This paper mainly focuses on the air sequencing problem in terminal area. By means of the single-machine scheduling method,the practical problem is reformulated into the Cumulative Traveling Salesman Problem with Ready Times(CTSR-RT). A mathematical model is firstly proposed. Then the greedy heuristic algorithm is applied to solve the model.While rearranging the sequence,the position of the individual aircraft approaching the runway might be shifted many times,which causes an excessive schedule delay and aggravate the burden on the air traffic controller. Taking into account of this problem,the model is modified by introducing two constraints parameters related to the number of shifting of an individual aircraft:Maximum Position Shifting (MPS) and Relative Position Shifting(RPS). To control the position of the aircraft with these two parameters, we solve the above problems with efficiency.Four practical sequencing examples are given to test the algorithms. In each one of the considered ease, the greedy heuristic algorithm proves to be superior to FCFS, and the minimization of schedule delay and reduction of related costs are achieved.

  • 【分类号】V355
  • 【被引频次】4
  • 【下载频次】487
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