【作者】 杨永刚；

【导师】 党发宁； 王立；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 水利工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 论文在综合比较了油气井几种常用压裂技术性能的基础上，指出高能复合射孔技术（HEPF）是一项全新的射孔技术，将射孔弹与固体推进剂两种性质不同的高能能源有机结合，实现一次点火，分步作功；延长了裂纹的扩展长度，大大增加了渗流面积；超正压气体压裂在消除近井污染带的同时也消除了单纯射孔对地层的压实伤害，提高了油井的渗透率，无须负压洗井；同水力劈裂以及单纯射孔等技术比较，具有工艺简单，造价低廉，效果显著，安全可靠等优点，适应于工业化大生产。 HEPF技术有广阔的发展前景，但对于井筒岩层在爆燃气体联合作用下裂缝开裂情况的研究目前还很少。由于裂缝的形成与扩展过程将引起作用在井筒及裂缝表面燃气压力的变化。本文主要利用理想气体状态方程计算气体压力的变化；以断裂力学为基础，用变刚度混合有限元求得井筒周围应力场和应变场的分布，进一步求得应力强度因子K_I的值。通过比较应力强度因子K_I值与断裂韧度K_cr的大小来确定油气井孔缝是否开裂以及孔缝开裂的长度，达到预测油气井产量的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The character of some oil well prospecting, but now study on the fracturing conditpressure crack methods was discussed, then a new pressure crack technology was introduced, it is High-energy composite perforating/propellant hole. Two different property high-energys were combined in the High-energy composite perforating/propellant hole technology. Lighting a fire at one time but making work at two different times. HEPF technology highly increased the seepage area and prolonged the lengths of the cracks. The over-positive pressure gas can eliminate the compact damage derived from general perforating hole and increase the permeability, therefore don’t need to wash the oil under minus pressure. Compared with the other two methods of hydraulic fracturing and general perforating hole, HEPF is simpler in technology and more significant in effect and safer, which is suitable to industrial manufacture.The HEPF technology has powerful ion under the action of the deflagrating gas are lack. The forming and the extending of the crack will cause the variation of the gas pressure, in this paper our main purpose is to utilize the ideal-gas equation to compute out the variation更多还原