【作者】 吕巧珍；

【导师】 崔建远；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 民商法学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 惩罚性损害赔偿，无论是在中国法还是在美国法，都是一种特别的损害赔偿方式。其本质是将原本属于刑事法律的惩罚和威慑功能溶入了民事法律中。它通过对不法行为人的惩罚来遏制社会上潜在的其他不法行为人做出相同或类似的行为。本文以惩罚性损害赔偿为研究对象，采用比较分析、法解释学分析、以及案例分析等方法，主要阐明了惩罚性损害赔偿的概念和特征，以及中国现行法律制度下惩罚性损害赔偿的构成要件和责任性质，并对今后我国惩罚性损害赔偿的发展领域做了一些探讨。本文首先说明中国和美国在惩罚性损害赔偿概念上不同的理解并对此进行了比较分析，指出两者尽管在概念理解上存在差异，但它们的基本功能都包涵了惩罚与威慑功能、补偿功能、激励功能等等。中国现行法律规定了惩罚性损害赔偿，但其构成要件还存有模糊之处，其责任性质也多有争论。本文第二部分具体分析了惩罚性损害赔偿的各个构成因素和涵盖范围，从超越民法的角度说明了惩罚性损害赔偿责任反映了现代法律的发展趋势，其具有经济法律责任的属性。在此基础上，简略分析了惩罚性损害赔偿和其他相关制度的联系区别。惩罚性损害赔偿制度在美国发展的最为完善，我国在借鉴其制度时应注意与我国特定的国情和司法制度相适应。针对一些学者提出的扩大适用惩罚性损害赔偿的观点，本文认为，惩罚性损害赔偿与民法责任有本质的区别，不应将惩罚性损害赔偿扩大到民事责任领域中，而应该适用在具有特定政策目的的经济法领域。更多还原

【Abstract】 Punitive Damages is a special kind of damages both in American Law and Chinese Law. It affords a practical justification for admitting into the civil law a principle that ought logically to belong to the criminal. Punitive damages are awarded to punish the defendant for the commission of an aggravated or outrages act of misconduct and to deter him and others from such conduct in the future. Treating punitive damages as the main object to research, this thesis adopts various methods including comparison between two legal systems, legal interpretative analysis and case study, involves relevant problems such as the conception and character, the integrants and the character of liability. Furthermore, this thesis also discusses the applicable realm of punitive damages in China’ law.First, by analyzing the different definition of punitive damages in America Law and Chinese Law, this thesis will point out that they share the common purposes such as punishment and deterrence, law enforcement, and compensation in despite of the difference.In Chapter Ⅲ, I will expatiate on the elements of punitive damages and the character of punitive damages liability. Transcending the viewpoint of civil liability, I try to set forth that the punitive damages liability is a kind of liability in economic law, and its occurrence reflects the trend of modern law.The doctrines of punitive damages develop most perfectly in American law. It should be adapted to our own socioeconomic situation and judicatory system. To the question that punitive damages should be widely adopted, this thesis argues that it should be mainly applied in cases as specified in the kingdom of economic law, rather than civil law.更多还原