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加入WTO后股份制商业银行面临的挑战和对策

【作者】 龚坚

【导师】 姜凌;

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 , 政治经济学, 2003, 硕士

【摘要】 论文以“加入WTO后股份制商业银行面临的挑战和对策”为题,紧紧围绕加入WTO后竞争格局、政策环境以及经营环境的变化,分析股份制商业银行面临的新的挑战和对策,采取了循序渐进,层层深入的分析研究方法,对股份制商业银行未来的发展战略进行了较为完整的论述。在论述的结构上,本文分为四章:第一章 全国性股份制商业银行发展现状分析;第二章 加入WTO对中国银行业的深刻影响;第三章 加入WTO使股份制商业银行面对严峻的挑战;第四章 股份制商业银行发展的基本思路和对策。第一章分为三个主题展开讨论。第一个主题是对全国股份制商业银行的基本现状的介绍。从1986年重新组建交通银行开始,陆续建立了11家全国性的股份制商业银行。 股份制商业银行已经成为我国银行体系的生力军和重要组成部分,呈现出良好的发展势头。第二个主题论述股份制商业银行对我国国民经济发展和金融体制改革做出的重要贡献,具体包括以下方面:对我国金融体制改革的示范作用;对国民经济健康发展的促进作用;在经营管理方面取得了重要成果;推动了金融业务创新;培养和锻炼了优秀的经营管理人才;创造了新的金融企业文化等六个方面的重要贡献。第三个主题在介绍股份制商业银行发展现状的基础上,分析股份制商业银行自身缺陷和存在的问题和发展过程中遇到的主要困难,包括产权结构和公司治理结构的缺陷,业务缺乏特色,规模偏小,内控机制不够完善,抗风险能力弱以<WP=7>及观念上存在的误区。这些缺陷和弱点的存在会对股份制商业银行今后的可持续发展带来很多困难。第二章介绍加入WTO前中国银行业对外开放的背景和加入WTO后中国银行业对外开放的承诺,进而分析加入WTO后我国银行竞争格局的新的变化以及这种新的变化对中国银行业的深刻影响。本章分为三个主题:第一个主题介绍加入WTO前中国银行业对外开放的背景、发展阶段和对外开放的现状。第二个主题介绍加入WTO后中国银行业对外开放的承诺,包括对外资银行营业许可方面的承诺,对开放汽车消费信贷服务,开放金融租赁业务。第三个主题主要分析加入WTO对中国银行业的深刻影响以及给我国银行业带来的发展机遇。第三章主要分析加入WTO后,股份制商业银行将面临的严峻挑战,概括起来有三方面:第一方面是来自外资银行竞争的挑战。相对于国内股份制商业银行而言,外资银行拥有巨大的资本规模、优良的资产质量、较高的盈利水平,先进的管理体制和经营机制;在金融创新、新业务开发和高科技服务手段方面,外资银行始终处于领先地位;在人才竞争方面,外资银行相对宽松的人文环境和激励机制有利于吸引和留住优秀人才。外资银行的冲击将使股份制银行业将面临更为强劲的竞争对手和更加激烈的竞争局面。第二方面来自于国有商业银行体制改革深化给股份制商业银行带来的挑战。国有商业银行巨大的资金实力、高度的社会知名度、遍布全国的经营网点、快捷的资金清算系统、国家政策的强有力支持等优势是股份制商业银行难以企及的。随着国有商业银行改革调整的步伐进一步加快,在控制和消化不良资<WP=8>产、提高资产质量、电子化和金融产品创新和经营效率方面采取了一系列新举措,大大提高了国有商业银行的市场竞争能力和盈利水平,加上其规模的优势和国家银行的优势,将对股份制商业银行的发展带来更大的挑战。第三方面是资本市场和保险市场的兴起和发展造成的银行资金的分流。随着资本市场迅猛发展,直接融资将会不断扩大,更多的间接融资将转化为直接融资。资本市场的高速发展分流了银行的资金和优质客户来源,给股份制商业银行的资金匹配带来很大的难度。与此同时,保险业的迅速发展,也大大地分流了银行的资金来源,使原本是股份制商业银行的薄弱环节--储蓄存款的增长受到很大的局限和影响。这些不利因素将对股份制商业银行的发展构成严重的威胁。在分析了加入WTO带给股份制商业银行的严峻挑战之后,本章还全面分析了加入WTO给股份制商业银行带来的新的发展机遇,如经营环境、政策环境的极大改善,市场容量的扩大等方面的因素。第四章作为全文的重点部分,详细地阐述了在加入WTO的新形势和新挑战下,股份制商业银行改革和发展的基本思路和经营战略,涉及到八个方面的问题。第一方面,关于完善股份制商银行产权制度和公司治理结构的问题。本文首先介绍了金融业产权制度的建立和发展的过程,分析产权制度的特点。在此基础上系统地分析了股份制商业银行在完善产权制度方面亟待解决的问题和途径;在强化法人治理结构方面,本文首先介绍了法人治理结构的概念及其重要作用之后,系统地介绍了法人治理结构的国际准则和我国股份制商业银行治理原则的颁布和实施的情况,明确提出了进一步建立和完善股份制商业<WP=9>银行法人治理结构的具体措施和方法。第二方面,关于市场定位问题。理论界对此曾经有过较长时间的争论,比较有代表性的观点认为股份制商业银行的重点应该突出为中小企业服务,为国有商业银行起到市场的补充作用。但在现阶段各股份制商业银行仍奉行“大、股、外”的市场战略,片面的重规模轻效益,存在很大的经营隐患。随着加入WTO后外资银行的不断涌入,?

【Abstract】 The subject of the dissertation is an in-depth discussion and recommendations of pivotal issues resulting from the challenges, business opportunities, and possible strategies of Chinese joint-stock commercial banks ( JSCBs ) under the background of China’s joining of the World Trade Organization ( WTO ). The dissertation uses the following three methods:The first method is combining historical method with logical method. From a historical point of view, the dissertation firstly introduces the history and current situation of Chinese JSCBs. After that, it analyses the JSCBs’ outstanding contributions to the national economy and financial innovation since they were established more than a decade ago. However, when discussing the JSCBs’ measures of reform and development, this paper adopts the logical method, namely arranging the sequence according to the relative status and importance of these problems and solutions in the JSCBs’ reform and development.The second method is combining the canonical analysis with demonstrative analysis. The dissertation mainly discusses the JSCBs’ business tactics and developmental strategies from the theoretical point of view. However, at the same time it draws attention to the establishment of the theoretical discussion based on the demonstrative analysis. After analyzing economic theories and putting forward a theoretical research, it<WP=13>was found that the research was supported by a lot of data and many cases. The third method is combining the theories with practices. The focus of the paper is to apply these theories to the case of China in the discussion. Besides discussing economic theories and occidental practice, more attention is paid to adopting the JSCBs’ operational practices, which are characteristic of China under the special circumstance there. The dissertation which titled "The Challenges and Possible Strategies of the Joint-stock Commercial Banks under China’s joining of the World Trade Organization" is divided into four chapters: Chapter 1. The analysis of JSCBs’ current situation. Chapter 2. The far-reaching effects to Chinese banking industry while joining the WTO . Chapter 3. Joining the WTO bring forth stern challenge to the JSCBs. Chapter 4. The JSCBs’ business tactics and developmental strategies. The following is the summary of each chapter:Chapter One firstly introduces the current situation of the JSCBs’ business development, then analyses the JSCBs’ important contributions to national economic development and reform in financial sector. After that, the paper analyses the JSCBs’ limitations, problems and difficulties in business development in the purpose to find a way for innovation and further development. <WP=14>Chapter Two introduces firstly the background of Chinese banking industry’s opening to the outside world, and then Chinese government’s promises concerning the opening policy in banking sector. Consequently, the dissertation discusses the changes in competitive situation of Chinese banking industry which resulting from China’s joining of the WTO, and then its far-reaching effects. Chapter three mainly discusses the unfavorable factors that will influences JSCBs’ business development while joining the WTO. These unfavorable factors are divided into three parts: Firstly, foreign banks’ entering into China will inevitably intensify competitiveness in Chinese domestic banking industry. Secondly, deepening reform of the State -owned commercial banks will bring forth strong challenges to JSCBs’ business development. Thirdly, the fast development of domestic capital market and insurance market will reduce the JSCBs’ deposits and savings. Though there are some unfavorable factors, the paper especially stresses that joining the WTO will surely improve the operational environment for JSCBs’ further development, and it will also provide new opportunities to the JSCBs.Chapter four is the highlight of the dissertation. It discusses in detail the JSCBs’ operational tactics and developmental strategies under t

【关键词】 WTO股份制商业银行挑战对策
【Key words】 WTOJSCBsChallengesOpportunitiesPossible strategies
  • 【分类号】F832.33
  • 【被引频次】1
  • 【下载频次】355
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