【作者】 汪道锦；

【导师】 张立荣；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在当今社会转型时期，由于行政权目的转向于社会公共服务与普遍福利而使其获得不断扩张的空间，其本身执行性属性因行政公益与公务员私益的相对分离导致行政自由裁量权异化背离法律授权的目的。这种不断在扩张又不断会被异化的权力，在市场经济大潮的催动下迅速实现资本化，成为少数人积敛财富的工具，使权力行使变成“权力剥削”，不仅干扰了社会主义经济建设，阻塞、切断国家经济命脉，而且严重地撼动国家民主根基，使公众丧失对公共权力的信任感、依托感，使行政权不再有抵御风险的能力，直至亡党亡国。因此，研究行政权力制约机制是推进政治体制改革、建设“政治文明”的现实需要，具有十分重要的意义。 本文共分为四个部分。第一部分，建立行政权力制约机制的理论阐释。主要从行政权力本身的属性出发，分析了行政权扩张的合理性、行政自由裁量权异化的可能性和行政权力的灵活性、剥夺性，揭示了如果不对这种不断扩张又会不断被异化的行政权力进行有效的制约，必然导致权力剥削和权力失控。第二部分，建立行政权力制约机制的缘由探讨。主要通过对我国权力现状的分析，探讨了权力机关的监督缺乏刚性、司法机关的监督存在缺陷、行政机关的自我监督不起作用的表现和原因。第三部分，建立行政权力制约机制的条件概观。主要论析了构建行政权力制约机制的内在条件和外在条件分别是明确的行政主导观念和完备公正的行政行为规范体系，而行政人员树立明确的行政主导观念，实现自我约束，比以外在的规范体系强制其发挥作用，更能促进依法行政和公正执法，并重点就当前亟待树立的“法律至上”观念和“程序法定化”的观念进行了论述。第四部分，建立行政权力制约机制的对策构思。主要探讨了如何构建行政权力的控制机制和提升行政权力的监督效能，其中，构建行政权 号 LWMA硕士学位论文 wMASI’－－－－’s1HrslS力控制机制的主要途径包括建立抽象行政行为的复审控制机制、具体行政jj为的程序机制和行政归责的处罚机制：提升行政权力的监督效能的主要途径包括确立权力机关监督的强制效力、保障司法监督的独立和扩大司法审查范围。 本文的写作特色在于运用大量实际材料结合自身感悟，较为全面深入地分析了我国行行政权力运行过程中的问题。文章的主要理论贡献在于从构建行政权力的控制机制和提升行政权力的监督效能两个方面，提出了完善行政权力制约机制的对策，尝试性地提出了“无论是立法，还是行政执法，不能确立‘法律至上’的观念，法律永远是管理者的工具，是治理约束相对人的手段，就永远实现不了向依法行政的转变”、“所有规范性文件都应在权力机关的审查之列”、“强化权力机关监督的处置功能，即对行政机关违宪、违法及其它不适当的行为实施纠下与制裁”、“一切行政行为在法律未明确禁止审查时，都可以进行司法审查，抽象行政行为、内部行政行为中的重大行为，应当逐步纳入司法审查范围”等重要主张。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the period of community transformation nowadays, the administration power gets a continuous outstretched space as its purpose turns around to the community commonality service and the universal welfare, its executive attribute makes for the administration power judgment freedom alienation to be fallen away the purpose of law authorization because of the comparative abruption between the administration commonweal and civilian commonweal. The continuous expanded and continuous power alienation realizes capitalization rapidly on the promotion of market economy’s huge tide and becomes the tools with which some few persons accumulate wealth, it make the power exertion to be changed into "power exploitation", not only the socialist economy construction is disturbed and the national economy life line is blocked and cut off, but also the national democracy groundwork is shaken badly, if so, the public are bankrupt in trust and support of commonality power, and the administration power does not have the ability to withstand risks any more till our party and country are conquered. Therefore, the study of the system of supervision and restriction of the administration power has quite important purport for realism necessary of pushing the polity system reform and constructing the " polity civilization".This article has four parts in total. The first part: Expounding and explaining tor theory of constituting the system of supervision and restriction of the administration power. Mainly starting from the attribute of the administration power itself, analyzing the rationality of outstretched administration power, the possibility of administration power judgment freedom alienation and the agility andbereavement of administration power, opening out that it will lead power to be exploited and out of control if the continuous outstretched and administration power alienation can not be restricted effectively. The second part: Discussing the cause of constituting the system of supervision and restriction of the administration power. Mainly analyzing the actuality of administration power in our country, discussing representation and cause that the supervision of power department is lack of rigidity, the supervision of judicature department has objection, the supervision of administration itself has no effect. The third party: The survey of conditions of constituting the system of supervision and restriction of the administration power. Mainly discussing and analyzing the internal and external conditions of constituting the system of supervision and restriction of the administration power are specific administration leading view and full equitable system of administration action criterion, and the administration personnel build up specific administration leading view and realize self-restriction, oblige the outside criterion system to exert its action, furthermore promoting the administration according to law and execution of the law fair and square, and discussing mainly that it is necessary to build up the views of " the law is supreme" and ’’ the procedure is legal". The forth part: The countermeasure design of constituting the system of supervision and restriction of the administration power. Mainly discussing how to build up the control system of the administration power and upgrade the supervision of administration power, therein, the mostly approaches of building up the control system of the administration power consist of constituting the system of reviewing and controlling for the abstract administration action, the procedure system of actual administration action and the punishment system of administration responsibility. And the mostly approaches of upgrading the supervision of administration power consist ofestablishing the obligation force of the supervision of power department, ensuring the independency of the judicature supervision and expanding the scope of the judicature checkup.For the composition feature of this article, it analyzes the problems comparatively en更多还原