【作者】 许超；

【导师】 曹碚生； 李良俊；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 对莲藕膨大过程中根茎贮藏物质、内源激素、矿质营养的动态变化进行了测定。结果表明： 干物质含量在莲藕膨大过程中逐渐上升，到后期则有一个激增过程，膨大后期干物质含量约为膨大始期的5倍。淀粉含量持续上升，到膨大后期也有一个激增过程，含量为膨大中期的2倍左右，为鲜重的11％～15％。还原糖含量先迅速上升，之后又迅速下降，至膨大后期维持在一个较稳定水平。总糖含量从膨大始期至膨大中期平缓上升，至膨大后期则迅速增加，增幅约2％。蛋白质含量在膨大中前期增加缓慢，膨大后期则有一个激增过程，增幅为膨大中期的2倍，最终其含量占鲜重的1.3％左右。 内源激素GA₃含量在膨大中前期呈平缓上升趋势，至膨大后期又迅速下降。IAA和SA含量在膨大前期略有上升，膨大中期急速上升，膨大后期又急速下降。ZT含量在膨大始期水平最高，在膨大过程中呈不断下降趋势，到膨大后期其含量只有膨大始期的41％～45％。ABA含量膨大前期稍有下降，膨大中期又略有上升，膨大后期则急剧增加，增幅为中期的2.5倍。 矿质元素N、P、K变化趋势一致，在膨大中前期平缓上升，膨大后期急速上升。N、P、K含量及其配比对莲藕的产量有重要影响。钾对莲藕的膨大具有重要作用，与淀粉、干物质含量呈显著正相关。更多还原

【Abstract】 The changes of reserve materials , endogenous hormones, mineral elements during the formation of the swollen lotus rhizome (Nelumbo nucifera Gaer tn.) is analyzed by using the materials of Meirenhong,Wuzhi 2,Elian 4.The results are as follows. Accumulate of reserve materials are tie up with the formation of the swollen lotus ihizom e. The contents of every variety’ s dy materials have a dsti.nct increase during the formation of the swollen lotus rhizome. The content of anaphase is 5 times than metaphase. The contents of starch increase continually at the whole period. There is a sharp enhance in anaphase. It’ sapproximately 2 times than in metaphase and keep 11%~15% of fresh weight ultimately. Reducing sugar levels first increase rapidly and than drop promptly. It keeps a steady level in swollen anaphase. The contents of total dissoluble sugar increase tardily from beginning to metaphase. There is a sharp enhance and 2% in proportion in anaphase. The quantity of protein accumulate assume a slow ascending beeline before metaphase. In anaphase it achieve top and content is 2 times than metaphase. It keeps 1.3%of fresh weight.Endogenous hormones react during the formation of the swollen lotus rhizome together. But they are not the direct decisive materials. GAi levels enhance continuously from beginning to metaphase, and then descend rapidly. IAA levels increase in prophase in some sort. There is a sharp enhance in metaphase, and than descent rapidly. Contents of them have only 52%~59% of quondam. Contents of ZT descend all the while; they are at tiptop in beginning and at nadir in anaphase. Their levels are 41%~45% of primordial. Contents of ABA descent in some sort inprophase, and then enhance in a way in metaphase. There is a sharp enhance in anaphase, and their levels are 2.5 times than forward stage. SA also acts a significant role during the formation of the swollen lotus rhizome. Transformation trend of SA is in accord with IAA. GA3/IAA has a prominent influence best of all during the formation of the swollen lotus rhizome.Transformation trends of mineral elements are similitude. They all enhance slowly before metaphase, and then rapidly in anaphase. Contents of nitrogen, kalium and their ratio have prominent influences to yields of lotus rhizome. Lotus rhizome is an appreciated kalium crop. Kalium by any possibility is concerned with synthesize and transportation of assimilative production; at the same time, it also influences the levels of endogenous hormones and their ratio.更多还原