【作者】 赵玉秋；

【导师】 刘文燕；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 水资源是一种既具有经济价值又具有生态环境价值的极为宝贵的自然资源，同时也是中国乃至世界最为稀缺的资源。随着人口的增加和经济的发展，21世纪的中国将面临更加严重的水资源短缺的压力。如何优化水资源配置，提高用水效率，已成为我国目前急需解决的问题。从美、澳等国家目前的研究成果和改革趋势来看，都将政府和市场的结合作为解决这一问题的有效途径，即在国家水资源所有权下，允许水资源使用权的合法交易。 本文从水权交易的含义入手，提出了狭义的水权是指在国家水资源所有权下对水资源的一种使用权。通过利用自由市场环境主义这种环境管理新思路，提出了在我国社会经济体制改革过程中，国家应该允许并鼓励这种水权进行交易。文章的第二部分对我国水权交易的现状及发展缓慢的原因进行了剖析，同时分析了我国适时开展水权交易的必要性与可行性。文章的第三部分探讨了水权交易的前提基础—水权的初始界定，在借鉴美国等发达国家水权交易方面理论及经验的基础上，提出了水权初始界定的理论依据及法律程序。文章的最后部分通过参照排污权和土地使用权的交易，对我国水权交易的主体、客体、交易方式、具体规则以及保障机构等提出了自己的见解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Being a kind of precious natural resources since the economic and ecological value, water will be the most scarce resource not only in China but in the world. Especially in this century, with an increase in population and the development of economy, China will face the stress coming of water badly, and now is being in dire need of allocating and using water effectively. Referring to the successful experiences of western countries dealing with this problem, our country should permit the trade in the right to use water going on state-owned water resources premise.Four parts in this paper: first of all, the author clearly defines water rights as the right of using state-owned water resources in narrow sence, and according to Free Market Environmentalism, the author puts forward that China should stimulate the trade of this kind of right with the reform of market economy. Secondly, the paper gives the anatomy of our county’s realities and then analyses the significance and feasibility of water right trade. Thirdly, the author makes a study on the basis of water right trade, that is, first allocation of water right. Referring to developed countries’ experiences, the paper probes into the academic bases and legal procedures of the allocation in this part. Finally, the paper researches into the subject, object, mode, regulations and guaranteed institutions of water trade.更多还原