齿轮加工的图形学仿真

【作者】 李海京；

【导师】 袁娜；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 航空宇航制造工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 齿轮是重要的机械基础传动部件，其加工时需要复杂的刀具。用传统方法设计齿轮刀具，计算量大，周期长，而复杂刀具智能CAD软件可以根据用户的需求，快速设计出所需的刀具。必须检验设计出的刀具的齿形参数，防止加工齿轮时发生根切等不良现象；如果把刀具制造出来，通过试切来检验，容易造成浪费，加长生产周期。为此，本文利用计算机仿真技术，结合计算机图形学技术，对齿轮刀具加工齿轮，形成齿廓的过程进行动态图形仿真，帮助刀具设计者检验刀具齿形参数，减少甚至避免试切。本文研究了共轭齿廓的形成、齿轮加工建模、刀具建模及加工仿真核心算法—基于OpenGL的布尔减算法。本文主要内容如下： (1)研究了包络原理，并根据包络原理，详细推导了求任意齿廓的共轭齿廓的方法；根据齿廓成形原理和齿轮加工的运动规律建立了展成法加工齿轮的数学模型。 (2)利用面向对象的方法和可视化建模语言UML，对齿轮加工仿真软件进行了详细的系统设计及用户界面设计。 (3)研究了齿轮刀具齿形，建立了简化的齿形数学模型。利用该模型，可以在加工仿真时对齿轮刀具进行参数化造型。 (4)用OpenGL对齿轮毛坯和齿轮刀具造型，研究了利用OpenGL的模板缓冲区实现加工仿真的核心算法—布尔减算法。 (5)对全文做了总结，并展望了下一步的工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gears are important driving components in mechanical engineering. The machining cutters of gear are very complicated. It’s very difficult to design gear tools in traditional way, because it needs so many computations. The intelligent CAD software for complex cutter can help the user design cutters easily and quickly. The teeth profile of the designed cutter must be checked to ensure no such situations as undercutting... etc. happens when gears are machining with it. If we check the profile of gear tool through cutting after the tool is manufactured, it will waste a lot of money and time. So the simulation methods are proposed.The aims of this thesis are to research on graphic simulation for gear-cutting process and develop the corresponding software. With the software, the user can see the generation of gear teeth on the computer screen directly, and check whether the undercutting happens. The studies of the thesis is focused on the conjugating theory, the mathematical model for the machining process of gear, the model for gear cutters and the core algorithm for machining simulation梑oolean subtraction operation with OpenGL. The contents of the thesis are as follows:(1). The meshing theory of gear teeth is briefly introduced first, then the generation of conjugate shapes is studied in detail. According to the conjugate theory, the method and formulas for computating the shape of mating teeth are proposed. Based on the conjugate theory, the gear-machining model is built.(2). The Object-Oriented technology for software development and the Unified Modeling Language are introduced briefly, then the gear-machining simulation software is modeled with UML, and the UI is designed, too.(3). Researches on the teeth shape of cutters, and the model for the tooth shape is built. With the model, the gear tool can be modeled parametrically while simulation executes.(4). The cutter and the gear blank are modeled geometrically with OpenGL, and the core algorithm for machining simulation - boolean subtraction operation is studied in detail, and it is implemented based on the OpenGL’s stencil buffer. In the end, the animation technology is studied, and the display list technology of OpenGL is used to improve the performance of the simulation software. (5). Conclude the contents of the thesis, and point out the way for next work.更多还原