数字相控阵雷达的研究

【作者】 王哲；

【导师】 郭陈江；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 电磁场与微波技术， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来，相控阵雷达技术逐步在众多科技研究领域表现出旺盛的生命力，并已经广泛应用到军用和民用领域；同时，数字技术也取得了迅猛的发展。作者更进一步将数字技术融入到相控阵雷达中，使两者完美地结合起来，充分发挥它们的特长，提出了一种全数字的相控阵雷达方案。 本文以相控阵雷达组成为主轴，逐一对相控阵雷达关键技术中的天线阵原理、数字波束形成(DBF)技术和收发(T／R)组件组成进行详细的分析，利用数字技术对传统相控阵雷达设计方案中的模拟电路部分进行改进；在理论设计单元圆形微带贴片天线单元的基础上，利用微波仿真软件HFSS和OPTIMETRICS对四单元的圆形微带贴片天线阵进行设计与仿真；对相控阵雷达的幅相监测技术进行理论分析和讨论，选择最佳的幅相监测方案。本论文研究的重点是：针对传统相控阵雷达系统收发(T／R)组件中的移相和限幅功能均在射频段完成，大胆利用直接数字合成(DDS)芯片组成频率在2MHz左右的数字电路代替传统相控阵雷达在射频段进行移相和限幅的电路，从而组成全数字发射通道，使对相位和幅度的控制和调试更方便快捷，并设计具体的电路验证此方案的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phased array radars have been identified as the ’next generation’ radars for many applications and demonstrator systems have been produced over the last few years for naval, ground based, airborne and civil applications. Great changes have taken place in digital technique at the same time. In order to improve the conventional phased array radar performance, the author presents a new type of phased array radars scheme that adequately applies digital technology to phased array radar.Full discussion is given in this paper according to the structure of conventional phased array radar. Key technologies are first introduced here such as the phased array antenna theory, DBF( digital beam forming) theory and the configuration of transmit and receive(T/R) modules. Then part of analog circuitry is optimized with the digital technology. Cell circular microstrip disk antenna successfully developed based on the theory of microstrip antenna, the four-celled circular microstrip disk antenna arrays are designed, simulated and analyzed with EDA tools-HFSS , OPT1METRICS. This paper goes on with analysis of the phased array radar calibration theory and compare of different schemes, then the best is adopted. 2 MHz digital circuit mainly composed of DDS(direct digital synthesis) chip, which carries out the shift of the phase and the limit of the amplitude, has been designed and debugged successfully. It is used to substitute for the conventional phased shift circuit and amplitude limiting circuit which work at the radio frequency, so the all-digital transmit channel of phased shift array radar is achieved.更多还原