【作者】 张宾；

【导师】 张嵩午； 冯佰利；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 通过对两个绿豆品种——安9204和保942-34冠层温度以及一系列生理代谢参数的研究发现，在大气、土壤、栽培措施完全一致的一个小尺度范围内，在开花结荚至成熟期间，保942-34的冠层温度持续偏高，而安9204的冠层温度总的较低，且有“冷尾”表现。 在植株外部表现和内部生理活性上，两绿豆品种表现出明显差异。安9204各个叶位的叶片功能期均长于保942-34，叶片衰老进程较保942-34迟缓；在连续测定中，安9204叶片叶绿素含量始终高于保942-34；SOD活性也以安9204为高。在结荚中、后期，安9204叶片中MDA含量低于保942-34；安9204叶片全氮含量、蛋白质氮含量及可溶性蛋白质含量高于保942-34；安9204叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率也保持较大的优势。上述说明，冠层温度低的绿豆品种，生理代谢活性比较旺盛，具有较强的清除活性氧伤害的能力，植株内部MDA积累缓慢，限制了进一步的危害，从而，有利于作物维持正常的生理代谢活动，有利于籽粒的充实和产量的提高。这对于高产、稳产绿豆品种的选育和推广，对于生产者收入的提高具有积极的意义。 对两绿豆品种进行切片观察发现，两品种叶片叶肉组织细胞存在明显差异，安9204叶片栅栏组织和海绵组织细胞排列比保942-34的要规则和紧密，这可能是两品种叶绿素含量、蛋白质含量及光合速率不同的结构方面的原因之一。 两年的研究结果基本一致，品种冠层温度表现稳定，初步判定自然界中存在不同基因型绿豆冠层温度分异现象。我国绿豆种质资源非常丰富，性状之间的差异也十分明显，利用冠层温度积极选育和推广冠层温度较低的绿豆品种，将有助于绿豆生产规模的扩大，绿豆产量的稳定增长，从而进一步推动绿豆产业的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through the study on canopy temperature and a series of physiological parameters of two mungbean varieties, An 9204 and Bao 942-34, the results showed that, in the location characterized by completely identical climatic, soil, and cultural conditions, during flowering and maturing period, there are significant differences between the two mungbean varieties. That is, Bao 942-34 has a constant higher canopy temperature, while An 9204, on the whole, has a lower canopy temperature, and it manifests the feature of ’cold tail’.There are obvious differences in plant exterior performance and internal physiological activities between the two varieties. The leaf function period of An 9204 is longer than that of Bao 942-34. The chlorophyll content, gross nitrogen content, protein nitrogen content and soluble protein content of An 9204, on the whole, are higher than those of Bao 942-34. And that MDA content of An 9204, on the whole, is lower than that of Bao 942-34. And An 9204 has superiority to Bao 942-34 in transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate.From the facts of above, we can say that the metabolic activities of the variety, which has a lower canopy temperature, are more superior to that of higher canopy temperature variety. That is to say, the lower canopy temperature variety has a better capability of resisting bad weather conditions, and can maintain a stable yield.The observation of microtome sections showed that the distribution of palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma of An 9204 are more regular and compact than those of Bao 942-34.The results of two concessive years research, on the whole, are consistent, and the appearance of canopy temperature is stable. From which we can draw a initiatory conclusion that there exists different canopy temperature phenomenon among different mungbean genotypes. There is plenty of mungbean germ plasma in China, and they have significant differences. The breeding and application of lower canopy temperature mungean varieties by means of canopy temperature will benefit to the increasing of mungbean yield, and then promote the development of mungbean industry.更多还原