【作者】 何伟红；

【导师】 蒲春玲；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2003， 硕士

【副题名】以新疆乌鲁木齐市、昌吉市周边地区为例

【摘要】 近几年，奶业已成为农业发展中的一个重要产业，奶业发展不仅可以引导人们改变膳食营养结构，增加乳制品消费；而且可以增加农民收入，带动畜牧业相关产业的发展，对优化农业产业结构也具有重要的意义，因此，奶业发展中的很多问题都是值得我们探讨的。牛奶从原奶生产到加工的流通过程是整个奶业产业链的关键环节，由两个主体和一个市场组成，两个主体分别是原奶生产组织和原奶加工企业；一个市场即原奶收购销售市场。在这一流通过程中，原奶特性是原奶生产、加工组织模式选择的现实基础，较优的效益是组织模式选择的根本动因。本文以新疆乌鲁木齐市和昌吉市周边地区为例，分析探讨了原奶生产的外部环境、制度环境，以及原奶生产、加工和交易过程中的具体特性。然后通过对原奶生产不同方式的成本收益和运行方式的比较，得出原奶三种不同生产方式各有利弊，基于目前奶业发展水平，得出农户家庭养殖方式是相对较优的原奶生产形式，为实现原奶生产的规模化和利润最大化，提出发展以农户家庭养殖为基本单位的奶牛合作社、集体股份合作制奶牛场和奶牛养殖小区三种合作组织模式。同样，企业应该根据自身经济实力和发展定位，选择与原奶生产组织相适宜的协作组织模式，根据目前奶业区域发展的现实状况，重构了原奶生产、加工的合同制和纵向一体化协作组织模式。在此基础上，提出支持发展协作组织模式的对策建议，从而促进奶产业整体的稳定发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, Dairy industry has been a important industry of agricultural development , The development of dairy industry can not only help improve the diet and nutrition structure of Chinese ,but also promote the enhancement of farmers’ income and make the relative industries of veterinary progress. It has more interesting for improvement of agricultural structure. therefore ，It seems more important to study some major problem of current dairy industry.It’s the key procedure for the milk from raw milk production to dairy processing in the whole milk industry ,which are constructed by two main organizations and one market ,the two organizations are raw production organization and dairy processing enterprise; the one market is raw milk market. during this procession, the character of raw milk is the practical basement for choosing raw milk production organization and dairy processing organization. The better economic efficiency is the basic reason for choosing the model of organization. This paper is an example analysis of Urumqi and Changji cities’ surrounding area of Xinjiang , To analyze the character of outlet environment 、policy environment and raw milk production、dairy processing and marketing . thereafter ,Through to analyze cost and price of different raw milk production organizations and administration ,To make a conclusion that the three different raw milk production organizations have different superiority and shortcoming ,base on current development of dairy industry, Farmer’s family breeding cow organization is the better raw milk production organization , it’s aim is large-scale raw milk production and highest economic efficiency, regard farmers’ cow raising as basic factor, form the cow cooperative organization、Stock cooperative Cow dairy and cow greeting zone. .In the same way , enterprise should accord to economic capacity and direction of development , to choose the model of adaptive cooperative organization ,according to current situation of dairy industry development, to construct raw milk production and dairy processing integration cooperative organization repeatly, .on this base ,making policy recommendations to support developing cooperative organization ,making the whole dairy industry stably development .更多还原