【作者】 毋海燕；

【导师】 杨云龙；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 市政工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 焦化废水成分复杂，氨氮浓度高，生物难降解有机物含量高，水质、水量变化较大，而传统的活性污泥法生物处理工艺对COD和NH₃-N的去除效果不够理想，难以使出水达到排放标准，给环境和人体带来危害。研究表明：利用厌氧酸化作为预处理，反硝化-碳化-硝化作为二级生物处理，是一种经济而有效的焦化废水脱氮处理工艺。 本试验研究中，先培养、驯化出6种降解难降解物质的优势菌种和脱氮菌种，进行固定化后，分别投入碳化、硝化和反硝化反应器，在各自的反应器中研究了难降解物质及NH₃-N的降解途径、降解过程分析及影响生物脱氮过程的各种因素，然后将优势菌应用于焦化废水处理的复合型脱氮工艺中，并通过研究脱氮工艺流程及运行参数，最后确定出最佳工艺为A₁-A₂-O-M工艺，并选定本试验条件下的最佳工艺条件和运行参数为：系统总HRT=51h，相应地，A₁段HRT=10.5h，A₂段HRT=12.sh，O段HRT=ZOh，M段HRT=sh;厌氧段pH值维持在6.5一7.5;混合液回流比R=3 .5一5.0;在缺氧段加入甲醇作为反硝化碳源，按BODS:TN=10.6为宜;好氧段T维持在25³2℃，好氧O段pH值通过滴加NaHC03控制在7 .7一8.2，剩余碱度为100一200mg/L，出水D0为2.Omg/L左右，M段pH值控制在7.5一8.6，D0控制在6.59一6.83mg/L;好氧段进水 COD负荷不高于0.05（kgCOD/kgMLSS·d），NH3一N污泥负荷不高于0.01（kgNH3一N/kgMLSS·d）。在上述工艺条件下，系统对COD和NH3一N的去除率分别在87 .7一93 .9和86 .5一92 .4，AZ的反硝化率达75%以上;当进水c0D<soomg/L，NH3一N<260mg/L时，出水COD<1 00mg/L，NH3一N<2 smg/L，两个指标分别达《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978--1996）一级和二级排放标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 Components were complex in coke plant wastewater,in which contains high concentration of ammonia nitrogen and a number of toxic and refractory organic compounds,and great changes happened usually to water quality and water flow.Most of the original treatment processes were conventional activated sludge method,though which the COD and ammonia nitrogen removal were not favorable and the effluent concentration couldn’t attain the wastewater drainage level,which brought severe harm to our environment and human body.lt had been demonstrated that using anaerobic acidification as pretreatment and denitrification-carbonization-nitrification as secondary biological treatment to removal ammonia nitrogen in coke plantwastewater was a cost effective technology.In this research , firstly, six efficiency predominant bacteria of degradating refractory organic compounds and nitrogen removal bacteria after they were cultured and domesticated and immobilized in certain condition were thrown into carbonization, nitrification and denitrification reactor individually. Then biogradation pathway and biogradation process analysis and influence factors to biological nitrogen removal had been investigated in individual reactor. Secondly, these predominant bacteria were used in compound nitrogen removal process of treatment of coke plant wastewater,meanwhile,nitrogen removal process and operating parameters were studied.Finally, the optimum process was defined as A1-A2-O-M ,and the optimum process conditions and operating parameters were summarized as following:The total hydraulic retention time was 51 hours,among which 10.5h for anaerobic, 12.5h for anoxic and 20h for aerobic O stage,8h for aerobic M stage.The pH value of the anaerobic reactor was maintained at 6.5 -7.5.Recycled ratio of mixed liquidto the anoxic reactor influent was 3.5-5.0.MeOH must be added to anoxic unit as an external carbon source in the denitrification process.The ratio of BOD5 to TN was 10.6.In aerobic stage ,the temperature was maintained in 25-32℃,the pH value in aerobic O unit should be maintained in the level of 7.7-8.2 by the addition of sodium bicarbonate,the remaining alkalinity in the effluent was 100-200mg/L,the dissolved oxygen(DO) was at 6.59-6.83mg/L.Less than 0.05kgCOD/kgMLSS.d of COD loading rate and less than 0.01 kgNH3-N/kgMLSS.d of ammonia nitrogen loading rate should be controlled in the feed of aerobic stage. Given the above conditions,up to 87.7-93.9% of COD and up to 86.5-92.4% of ammonia nitrogen could be removed. Moreover, the overall nitrogen removal was more than 75%.When the influent concentration for COD and ammonia nitrogen were less than 800mg/L and 260mg/L respectively,the average effluent concentration for COD and ammonia nitrogen was less than 100mg/L and 25mg/L each, the two indices of which had attained the primary and secondary national standard about wastewaterdischarge 《GB8978-1996》 respectively.更多还原