【作者】 曹建华；

【导师】 林位夫；

【作者基本信息】 华南热带农业大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 天然橡胶生产栽培中采用的种植材料是高产芽接树。通过研究橡胶芽接树砧木与接穗胶乳中内源激素的含量及差异状况，进一步阐明砧穗间在内源激素方面的影响机制，对于完善橡胶砧木与接穗的选择基础理论和生产栽培具有重要意义。 本试验采用植物激素免疫检测技术，利用固相抗原型ELISA试剂盒和ELX808 Ultra Microplate Reader(酶联仪)，测定了橡胶芽接树自根无性系海垦2和热研88-13组成的对接自接材料及巴西橡胶“三合树”砧穗胶乳中植物激素IAA、iPAs和ABA的含量，探讨了胶乳内源激素与采样位置和不同的砧穗组合间的影响关系。由于时间及实验条件的限制，本实验未能对胶乳中的乙烯和赤霉素GA进行测定和探讨。初步研究结果如下： 1、利用酶联免疫检测技术在巴西橡胶砧穗胶乳中检测到了三种内源激素：生长素IAA、细胞分裂素iPAs和脱落酸ABA。 2、在橡胶的同一茎段的不同位置采胶，其胶乳中的植物激素间存在一定的差异，但这种差异不显著，表明胶乳中的植物激素的量在同一茎段上的分布没有位置效应。 3、芽接对芽接树砧穗胶乳中内源激素的量有显著影响，这种影响因嫁接材料、激素种类的不同而异，并与橡胶树茎干的粗生长及产量具有一定的相关性。 4、芽接对自根无性系海垦2和热研88-13组成的对接材料及三合树材料“光亮胶／RRIM600／未选择实生砧”砧穗胶乳中IAA的量均产生了显著的正面影响，而对抗风三合树“红星725／RRIM600／未选择实生砧”和“红星725／PR107／未选择实生砧”树冠和中间砧胶乳中IAA的量却产生了显著的负面影响。 5、在海垦2和热研88-13组成的对接材料及三合树材料“光亮胶／RRIM600／未选择实生砧”中，芽接对中间砧RRIM600胶乳中iPAs的量的影响不显著， 巴西橡胶树砧木与接穗间的相互影响一内源激素而对其它砧木和接穗胶乳中iPAS的量却产生了显著的负面影响。 6、在海垦2和热研88。13 组成的对接材料及抗风三合树材料“红星725“iM600／未选择实生砧”和“红星 725“”／未选择实生砧”中，芽接对砧穗胶乳中ABA的量产生了不同的影响：对砧穗海垦2产生了显著的负面影响；对接穗热研 88l 3影响不显著，对砧木热研 88刁 3产生了显著的正面影响；对红星725”产生了显著的正面影响，对中间砧RRIM600产生了显著的负面影响；对红星725’“和中间砧PR107均产生了显著的负面影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In natural rubber cultivation, planting materials adopted are the high yielding Grafted Hevea Brasiliensis. It is of great importance for the perfection of the basic selective theory of rootstock and scion of rubber and cultivation of grafted rubber, to expound the influence system in endogenesis phytohormones of latex by studying the quantities and differences in it.In the present study, the quantities of IAA, iPAs and ABA, in the latex of the rootstock and scion of the self-root clones "Haiken-2(HK2)/Reyan88-13(RY8813)" and other materials of Hevea Brasiliensis such as Hevea nitida Mart. Var. toxicodendroides(HNMVT) , HongXin725(HX725), RRIM600 and PR107, were measured by using plant growth regulators immunoassay(PGRIA) , reagent of ELISA, and ELX808 Ultra Microplate Reader. And also explored are the mutual effects between endogenesis phytohormones and sampling locations of latex and between endogenesis phytohormones and different materials of grafted rubber. The ethylene and GA were not studied owing to the limitation of time and experimental condition. The results are summarized as follows:1. Three kinds of endogenesis phytohormones in latex of rootstock and scion of Hevea Brasiliensis were tested by using PGRIA: IAA, iPAs, ABA.2. Samples were from different parts of the same trunk. Differences existed in the quantities of endogenesis phytohormones of latex. But, they were not notable in statistics. It shows that sampling locations do not affect the distribution of the quantities of endogenesis phytohormones in the latex of the same trunk.3. Grafting had great effect on the quantities of endogenesis phytohormones in the latex of rootstock and scion of Hevea Brasiliensis. The effects varied because of differences in grafted materials and the kinds of endogenesis phytohormones. They were also relative to growth and yielding of rubber tree.4. The grafting had apparent positive effects on the quantities of IAA in the latex of rootstock and scion of the self-root clones "HK2/RY8813 " and the grafted Hevea Brasiliensis "HNMVT/RRIM600/wild rootstock(WRS)". It had notable negative effect on the other grafted rubber trees: "HX725/RRIM600/ WRS" and "HX725/PR107/WRS".5. In the grafted rubber trees of" HK2/RY8813" and "HNMVT/RRM600/ WRS", the grafting had no obvious effects on the quantities of iPAs in the latex of mid-rootstock RRIM600, but it had obviously negative effects on other materials of rootstock and scion.6. In the different groups of grafted rubber trees of " HK2/RY8813", "HX725*/RRIM600/WRS" and "HX725**/PR107/WRS", grafting cast different effects on the quantities of ABA in the latex of rootstock and scion of different materials: (1) Notable negative effects on the rootstock and scion of HK2; (2) No obvious effects on the scion of RY8813, but obviously positive effects on the rootstock of RY8813; (3) Notable positive effects on the crown scion of HX725*, but obviously negative effects on the mid-rootstock of RRIM600; (4) Notable negativeeffects on the crown scion of HX725** and mid-rootstock of PR107.更多还原