【作者】 李梅；

【导师】 吕志仁； 韦鹏霄；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 为了探索花药培养在光温敏核不育水稻提纯和改良上的可行性，为花培育种技术在两系杂交稻上的应用提供参考依据。本论文对光温敏核不育水稻花培后代的花粉育性、农艺性状的遗传表现，花培后代的配合力、亲和力、杂交配组产量，以及杂交F₂代性状的变异表现进行了系统地研究。结果表明： 1、光温敏核不育水稻花培后代与其对照亲本在育性上存在差异性和相对稳定性：同一基因型材料不同花培后代株系的花粉育性表现不同，但不育期内培矮64S花培后代大部分株系的花粉不育率接近或超过原供体亲本，并且在不育花粉率上的变异系数接近或小于对照亲本；培选S花培后代所有株系的花粉不育率都高于其原供体亲本，并且在不育花粉率上的变异系数都小于其对照亲本。 2、光温敏核不育水稻花培后代不同世代育性表现基本稳定：花粉不育率不随世代育性敏感期内温度的变化而显著改变。 3、光温敏核不育水稻花培后代再生稻植株的育性变化与实生植株的育性表现有关：花粉不育率高的实生植株，其再生稻植株的花粉不育率就高，反之则低。 4、光温敏核不育水稻花培H3代的主要农艺性状接近或优于原供体亲本。广西大学硕士学位论文 光温敏核不育水稻花墙后代的遗传表现及育种应用研究 5、光温散核不育水稻花培H3代在综合性状上的配合力接近或高于原供体亲本，而且一般配合力高的株系，其特殊配合力不一定就高；一般配合力低的株系，其特殊配合力也不一定就低。 6、用光温散核不育水稻花培后代作母本可以配置出比原供体亲本作母本更具产量潜力的新两系杂交稻组合。 7、光温散核不育水稻花培后代的亲和力与原供体亲本相似：亲和力高的原供体亲本，其花培后代的亲和力就高，反之则低。 8、光温敏核不育水稻花培后代杂交F。代主要性状的变异程度与原供体亲本杂交F。代相似。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to find out the possibility of purification and improvement of PGMR through anther culture technique , and provide reference for application of anther culture breeding in two-line hybrid rice , systematic studies on inheritance of pollen fertility and major agronomic traits , combining ability , affinity , and yield in hybrid F1 and traits variation in hybrid F1 of the anther culture descendants from PGMR have been carried out in this paper . The conclusions are as follows :1. There is diversity and relative stability in the fertility of anther culture descendants from PGMR . Different plant lines which come from the same material have different pollen fertility . But in pollen sterile period , the sterile pollen rate of most anther culture descendants from Peiai64S approaches or surpasses to their contrast parents’ , furthermore , the variation coefficient of sterile pollen is close or low to the contrasts’ . All the sterile pollen rate of the anther culture descendants from PeixuanS exceeds to their contrast PeixuanS’ in pollen sterile period , and the variation coefficient of sterile pollen is lower than the contrasts’ obviously .2. Fertility in different generation from anther culture descendants of PGMR is stable basically, and it doesn’t alter obviously according to the change of temperature in the sensitive period of pollen fertility .3. Fertility in ratooning plants from anther culture descendants of PGMR is relate to that in their seeding plants . If the sterile pollen rate of seeding plants is high ,the sterile pollen rate of ratooning plants is also high, otherwise , the sterile pollenrate of ratooning plants is low .4. The major agronomic traits of the H3 generation pollen plants from PGMRapproach or surpass to their contrast parents’.5. The combining ability in comprehensive traits of the H3 generation pollen plants from PGMR approaches or surpasses to their contrast PGMR , therefore , the plant line which general combining ability is high does not own high special combining ability certainly ; the plant line which general combining ability is low also does not own low special combining ability surely .6. The higher yield two-line hybrid rice combinations will be gained , if we use the descendants from anther culture of PGMR as female than use the contrast PGMR.7. There is the similarity on affinity between anther culture descendants of PGMR and contrast PGMR , if the affinity of contrast PGMR is high , the affinity of its anther culture descendants from PGMR is also high , otherwise the affinity of pollen plants of PGMR is low .8. The major agronomic traits of F2 generation from the pollen plants of PGMR is similar to those from their contrast parents.更多还原