【作者】 韦珊珊；

【导师】 吴恒； 张信贵；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 岩土工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 由自然界及工程中存在的一些现象可知，岩土由加荷到出现最终结果的过程中，应力分布、传递、集聚的过程是一个中间桥梁，土介质的特征不同，其应力分布、传递、集聚的途径及展示的结果亦不同。城市建设等同于在城市下伏土体上不断施加荷载，土中应力分布、传递、集聚的最大区域、部位的研究，将有助于分析城市地基变形与稳定问题，是城市地质环境极限承载力研究中的重要内容，可为城市减灾、防灾，城市可持续发展提供有利的依据。但由于学科的发展及测试手段的限制，现阶段土中应力的理论与研究，只注重对结果的分析，忽略对“过程”即应力分布、传递、集聚过程的显现。 本文选择室内模拟试验进行土中应力分布传递过程的模拟，在土中应力分布传递规律影响因素的分析的基础上，提取影响应力分布传递的控制因素，在控制主要影响因素情况下，简化试验初始条件，选用砂土与粉土进行室内模拟试验研究。试验一方面验证了现有土力学理论附加应力分布传递规律，另一方面也显现出土体性质变化对土中应力分布传递存在着影响，同时还获得了不同因素变化对土中应力分布传递的影响规律。 针对现有土中应力测试手段(土压力传感器量测土中应力)的局限性，设计相关试验——静荷载作用下土中应力传递速度试验与声波试验，验证了利用声波测试技术进行土中应力量测的可行性。经理论以及试验结果分析，静荷载作用下土中应力传递速度试验、声波试验以 土中应力分布传递规律的试验及测试技术研究及前述室内模拟试验，在土体含水量、密度变化情况下，三者所获规律是一致的，初步证实声波测试技术作为土中应力测试手段的可行性，为无损伤、不扰动测试土中应力做了探索性工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 From some phenomenon of nature or engineering, we can know that the process of stress diffusion, transfer and concentration is a bridge between the initial state and final state of soil. And if character of soil is different, so do the approach and result of stress diffusion, transfer and concentration. City construction is identical with applying load on soil mass, so researching maximal area coverage and locus of stress diffusion, transfer and concentration in soil will be helpful of analyzing the deformation and stabilization of city foundation. It also is important content in the research of ultimate bearing resistance of city geologic environment, and it will provide beneficial reference for city disaster reduction, prevention and city sustainable development. But limiting by development of subject and measuring and testing techniques, the theory and research of stress in soil, just pays attention to interpretation of results, ignores to visualize the process of stress diffusion, transfer and concentration. For this reason, this paper conducts these following heuristic works.This paper chooses lab simulation test to simulate the process ofstress diffusion and transfer. Basing on existing test equipments, we select sandy soil and silty soil for lab simulation test. Through the process of test, we rigid control the moisture content and destiny of soil. On one hand, the conclusions of lab simulation test verified the laws of diffusion and transfer of additional stress. On the other hand, it also confirmed that change of soil character did affect the diffusion and transfer of stress in soil. At the same time, we obtained the influencing laws of stress diffusion and transfer by moisture content and destiny of different soil.Furthermore, author designs some tests, such as diffusion speed test of stress in soil under static load and sound wave test. By these tests, Author verified that sound wave test can measure the stress in soil. Comparing those aforementioned tests, we can know that their conclusions is coherent, so those conclusions also verify the feasibility of measuring stress in soil by sound wave tests.更多还原