【作者】 黄雪彦；

【导师】 刘丕庆；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 高油玉米是人工创造的优良玉米新类型。和普通玉米相比，高油玉米含油率及其它营养成分含量高，产量相当，在我国推广种植优良高油玉米品种将成为一种趋势。为进一步了解高油玉米单交种种子活力及其影响因素，以便为高油玉米单交种种子活力的研究及种子处理提供一些参考，我们利用高温高湿加速老化处理四个高油和普通玉米单交种，分析高油和普通玉米单交种种子活力的差异及其影响因素；对老化种子表面微生物进行观察、鉴定；采用多菌灵一代森锰锌混配杀菌剂处理种子。试验结果显示： 1．高油和普通玉米单交种的活力水平在不同活力指标上表现不同。高油玉米的发芽率、发芽指数的老化衰减值略高于普通玉米，但高油玉米的幼苗干重、活力指数上的老化衰减值不一定高于普通玉米。含油率最高的通油1号的发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗干重及活力指数的老化衰减值均低于高油115，表明高油玉米基础含油率的高低与种子活力大小没有必然联系。 2．老化条件下籽粒干重有逐渐减小的趋势；高油玉米单交种的含油率略有提高，而普通玉米单交种含油率略有下降，分析表明这两者不是种子活力下降的主要因素。老化后种子水分含量与脂肪酸值大幅度提高，它们是老化条件下种子活力降低的重要因素。广西大学硕士论文 高油玉米和普通玉米单交种种子活力与种子杀菌剂处理研究 3．在老化种子表面检测到6种真菌类微生物，随老化加剧其侵染率提高、侵染程度加重，老化及其人工接神结果表明真菌侵染可以造成神子活力的部分下降。 4．与未用杀菌剂处理相比，混配杀菌剂处理明显地减缓了种子发芽率、发芽指数、活力捐数的下降，但对通油1号与桂单22的幼苗干重表现出一定程度的抑制作用，而促进了高油115幼苗于重的增大。杀菌剂处理消除了真菌的侵染，延缓老化种子的水分含量的增加速度使老化神子的脂肪酸值基本不增加。杀菌剂处理也提高了田间出苗率及幼苗素质。综合结果表明多菌灵一代森锰锌杀菌剂处理对高油和普通玉米单空神的神子活力具有保护促进效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 High oil maize is the new desirable corn type that was created by breeding. Compared with common corn, high oil maize hybrid has high oil content , rich nutritional and fairly good field performance, so it will be planted widely in China. In order to learn seed vigour and influence factors so as to provide some reference on seed vigour research and seed treatment of high oil corn, the accelerated ageing test was applied to treat the seeds of four high oil and common maize hybrids to analyze the difference and factors of seed vigour, the microflora of the aged seeds, and to study the effects of the carbendazim-maned fungicide treatment on the seeds. The results showed:1. The seed vigour levels of high oil and common maize hybrids varied on different vigour indexes. The ageing response values of high oil maize were lower than those of common maize in terms of germination percentages and germination index, but the same trend did not happen on seedling dry weight and vigour index. The ageing response value of Tongyoul with the highest oil content was lower than GaoyoullS on every index, demonstrating that the oil of the seed did not correlate with seed vigour in the high oil content.2. The seed dry weight decreased progressively after accelerated ageing, while oil content of high oil maize hybrids increased, and that of common maize hybrids decreased. The seed dry weight and the oil content of the seed were showed not to be the main factors for lowing seed vigour. Moisture content and fatty acid value were raised to a fairly high level after the accelerated ageing and they were the important factors for lowing seed vigour.3. Six types of fungi were detected on the aged seeds. The infection percentages increased and the infection degree got serious along with ageing. The results of the accelerated ageing and the artificial inoculation test showed that fungi infection could reduce the seed vigour.4. As compared with no fungicide treatment, the compound fungicide treatment of the seeds obviously slowed down the descending speed of germination percentages, germination index and vigour index of four hybrids, showed certain degreed of inhibitory effect on the seed seedling dry weight of Tongyoul and Guidan22 , and increased the seedling dry weight off Gaoyou115. The fungicide treatment kept theseeds away from fungus infection, slowed down the increasing speed of the moisture content of aged seeds, and made the aged seeds almost increase the fatty acid value. The fungicide treatment was useful for promoting the field emergence rate and the seedling quality. As a consequence, the carbendazim-maned fungicide treatment had a protective and promotive effect on the seed vigour of high oil and common maize hybrids alike.更多还原