【作者】 王娟；

【导师】 吴言生；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 虽然对于李商隐的研究趋于全面而深刻，但仍有一些问题有待深入研讨。例如，李商隐的咏史诗，还未引起学术界足够的重视。其实，笔者认为，深入而系统地研究李商隐的咏史诗，意义重大而深远。首先，有助于人们更客观而全面地理解李商隐的人格、理想与艺术贡献，并纠正某些由来已久的偏见。其次，咏史诗自身的历史文化意义与文学欣赏价值，可以让人们在艺术的陶冶中，辨识殷鉴，省悟历史与人生。 本文主要包括下面几部分： 第一章，总结李商隐咏史诗的思想内容，重点论述两方面。一方面，阐述李商隐对时弊的抨击与忧愤。帝王的昏庸，加之藩镇叛乱、宦官专权、党争内讧等顽疾，注定了晚唐不可扭转的危局。另一方面，评析李商隐对历史与现实的批判和反思，突出强调其“勤俭兴邦，奢逸亡国”和“治乱系人，天不相预”的观点。 第二章，从驾驭史料、构思谋篇、艺术成就等角度进行分析，笔者认为，李商隐的咏史诗有如下显著的特色。其一，丽语绮辞，持义正大。李商隐妙用绮艳的题材、秾丽的言辞，秉持公心，曲达警世、济世之旨。其二，驾驭史料，出神入化。突出体现在下列几方面：(一)在片言尺幅中，营造视通万里、思接千载的意境；(二)死典活用，选材典型，构思巧妙；(三)艺术真实与历史真实珠联璧合，使咏史诗由史的附庸恢复诗道之尊。其三，诗艺精湛，意义深远。笔者侧重在咏史诗和七言律绝的发展史上落笔，评析李商隐的艺术成就及贡献。 第三章，笔者着重从影响其风格特色的客观和主观因素，探索李商隐咏史诗的风格成因。其中，唐代以史为鉴的优良传统，传统士大夫的忧患意识，特别是中晚唐以忧济为己任的士风，深刻影响了李商隐的忧济精神。晚唐忧危、黑暗的政坛，和正直忠勇之士的遭遇，使李商隐不得不令其诗隐晦婉曲。而前贤诗歌创作经验的艺术积累，及晚唐咏史之风盛行的诗坛，都为李商隐攀登艺术高峰铺平了道路。至于主观因素，笔者认为与下列因素密切相关。博采众长、自出机杼的创作原则，是李商隐获得巨大艺术成就的基础。此外，刚直不阿、胆识超群的人品，奠定了李商隐在抨击时弊的作品中秉持公心的诗品。而崇高的理想和执着的信念，又为李商隐精心创作咏史诗这类济世之作，提供了源源不断的精神动力。 笔者无意于拔高李商隐，只想尽己所能，拓宽世人观照和理解李商隐的视野，展示他常被人忽视的一个侧面：超卓的胆识，刚直不阿的秉性，济世的忧患意识与责任感，以及李商隐对咏史诗的发展所作的巨大贡献等。以期李商隐在今后能得到更公正和更客观的评价。而且，挖掘咏史诗的历史鉴戒价值，关注咏史诗的道德评判意义，探析咏史诗的艺术特色、成就和价值，亦可补益于当今。更多还原

【Abstract】 Although the study Li Shang-yin has been overall and profound, there are still some problems await penetrating into. For instance, historical poems haven’t roused enough attention from academic field. The author thinks that it is significant to research his historical poems deeply and systematically. First, it is helpful to understand the personality, ideal and art contribution of Li Shang-yin. Furthermore, the people can get rid of deeply rooted prejudice against Li Shang-yin. Secondly, the historical poetry itself bound with cultural meaning and appreciation of literature value, enable folk to mould their personality and learn lessons.The paper consists of the following parts.In the first chapter, the author focuses on two aspects. On the one hand, Li Shang-yin lashed out at the social evils. Regal fatuity, together with separatist rule by military governors, eunuch monopolize, party vying faction grade dense disease, destine know clearly late Tang dynasty in a dangerous situation. On the other hand, it comments analyses Li Shang-yin versus history and realistic animadvert and reflective thinking, jut stress thereof out "industry and thrift make a country strong, excessive escape conquer a nation" and "rise and fall of a nation, in the hands of man, day not phase in advance".hi the second chapter, from rein historical materials, conceive consult piece, art achievement equiangular ritzy degree precede analyses. The author thinks that, Li Shang-yin chant epopee have got as follows notable characteristics. 1 Flowery diction, wield the pen to record the truth, hi order to vitalize his country, Li Shang-yin spoke sternly from a sense of justice using flowery language. 2 rein historical materials; do a job with skill and ease. (1) The artistic conception; of the one, at piece character ruler frame middle construct regard throughout a great number liner, think of met kilo carry (2) Dead allusions, the choice of typical materials and ingenious conceive. (3) The combination of art verity and history verity, recover its poetic status from history. 3 His poems are artful and significant. The author emphasizes Li Shang-yin’s achievement and contribution from chant epopee and seven characters restrain perspective.In the third chapter, the subjectivity and objective factor, probe Li Shang-yin chant epic style genesis of the third chapter, from impact thereof style characteristic. Authorthinks that, objective factor primarily: The fineness tradition of the one, tang dynasty withal history for inspects; The misery consciousness, especially middle and late Tang dynasty withal worry aid for oneself allow taxis wound of the two, tradition scholar-bureaucrat; The encounter, incline Li Shang-yin must have been to ream thereof verse concealed gloomy beautiful crooked to of the both three, late Tang worry dying, gloomy the range of politics, and rectitude honest and brave of person. Four, front a worthy person poesy create empirical art save, and late Tang dynasty chant history of wound popular Parnassus up.Subjective factor primarily: Collecting extensively, which lay a foundation of his great achievements. Li Shang-yin was original in conception. Li Shang-yin was upright and above flattery courage and insight super group such bearing, establish know clearly Li Shang-yin at attack the abuse of the age. Li Shang-yin’s ideal sublimity, belief stuck to, such spirit, contribute for his upright poetic characteristically.The author does not intend to praise too much of Li Shang-yin’s, but try her best to broad readers’ horizon on the understanding of his poems, as well as show one aspect which is usually ignored: Li Shang-yin’s great courage and insight; upright personality; concern himself with his country and people; and outstanding contribution toward historical poems. It’s hopeful that Li Shang-yin’s poems can be judged and evaluated fairly and objectively. Furthermore, to borrow historical poems warning and values; put emphasis on their moral judgments; and anal size their art characteristic contribution and更多还原