化工化纤生产过程中几种化学及物理检验方法研究

【作者】 高淑兰；

【导师】 魏万之；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 分析化学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 石油化工行业的科学研究和产业发展对相关现代分析提出了新的要求，很多新方法有待研究与发展以协助石化行业提高控制精度、改善工艺条件、提升产品质量和增强市场竞争力。 本文根据鹰山石化厂化工化纤生产过程质量控制要求，开展几种化学及物理检验方法的研究，取得了一些创新性的研究成果： 1、对环己烷高压氧化液中过氧化物进行衍生处理并对其中的酯类进行化学消除，首次建立了环己烷高压氧化液中酯类、过氧化物气相色谱分析的新方法，该方法分析速度快，选择性好，样品用量少，操作简单，在石化行业具有很好的推广价值，填补了国内外空白。 2、通过纺丝油剂溶剂的国产化研究，通过甲醇、乙醇、正戊烷和6~#溶剂油等几种国产溶剂与进口溶剂的对比实验，确定了6~#溶剂油作为替代进口溶剂的纺丝油剂溶剂，首次找到了成本低廉、购买方便、无毒副作用、测量精度和准确度可以满足生产控制需要的国产化溶剂。 3、率先掌握了锦纶6原丝快样纤度与平衡纤度的对应关系，可以实现根据平衡纤度的大小，合理制定快样纤度的控制指标，有利于进行有效地生产控制以实现以销定产。在化纤行业具有广泛的应用前景和推广价值。 4、首次系统地对影响锦纶6原丝强伸测量的因素进行了研究，研究了各有关因素对强伸测量的影响规律，为准确测定和进一步改进锦纶-6原丝断裂强力和定荷伸长率测量方法创造了条件。 5、对GB9102—1998《锦纶6浸胶帘子布》国家标准在执行过程中存在的问题进行了研究，并从生产企业、下游工业及流通领域的需求进行分析，提出了改进方法和建议，为标准的修订提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development of the scientific research and production in petroleum chemical industry puts forward a new requirement to relevant modern analyses technology, and a lot of new analyses methods should be study and develop to increase the control accuracy , improve process conditions , heighten production quality and promote competition power in petroleum chemical industry.This thesis presents an applied study of several chemical and physical test methods to quantitative control based on the chemical and fiber produce process of Yingshan Petroleum Factory. The creative works are summarized five aspects as follows:1. The gas chromatography new method of ester and peroxide in cyclohexane oxide was established first time by derivation of peroxide and elimination of ester. The method is simple, rapid, sensitive and reproduction;2. The new solvent was found first time, it’s cheap, easy-obtained, nontoxic and accuracy which can meet the control of production. Based on the compare experiment between homemade solvent such as carbinol, ethanol, normal pentane and 6# solvent oil and import solvent, we select the 6# solvent oil to substitute the import solvent;3. The relationship between predict fiber number and equilibrium fiber number was found first time. It help to establish the rational control criterion for predict fiber number according to equilibrium fiber number and achieve planed production by effectively production control, so this relationship has a wide applied field and great value in fiber industry;4. The factors of regulations that affect the measurement of breaking strength, elongation degree, strength extension have been grasped. It enables the improvement in method to measure breaking strength and elongation ratio of polyamide fibre.5. The failure of GB9102-1998 is found and the improved method isresearched. Based on the demand analysis of manufacture enterprise , downriver industry and market ,some improve methods and propose were presented as gist to modify the standard.更多还原