【作者】 雷广海；

【导师】 李有田； 介晓磊； 谭金芳；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 采用水培试验与室内分析相结合的方法，本文研究了在氮、钾、钙、镁、离子强度、pH不同水平以及不同氮形态对烟草品种NC89矿质养分吸收与积累的影响以及离子之间的相互关系。研究结果表明： 1．烟草生长与干物质重量与营养液中各种离子的浓度水平密切相关。在营养液中其它各种养分离子的形态与浓度一致的条件下，单一改变营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁的含量，烟草生长和干物质重量随着营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁含量的提高会发生抛物线型的变化，但烟草生长与干物质重量达到最大值时，营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁含量并不一致。植物根、茎、叶各器官的变化规律基本一致，试验还表明，营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁供应不足比供应过量对烟草生长与干物质积累量的影响更强烈。 烟草生长与干物质重量与营养液中氮素形态密切相关。烟草在全硝态氮的营养液中干物质重量最大，而烟草根系在铵硝配比3：7时生长最好。 烟草在不同pH的营养液中生长量是不同的。烟草在pH6.5时生长最好。 营养液中离子强度也严重的影响着烟草生长与干物质重量。 2．在营养液中其它养分离子的形态与浓度一致的情况下，单一改变营养液中的氮、钾、钙、镁、离子强度、pH均会影响烟草对其它矿质养分的吸收与积累。总体上，氮、钾、钙、镁在浓度较低时，提高其浓度会促进烟草对其它矿质养分的吸收，表现为协同作用，但营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁过高时，反而会影响其它矿质养分的吸收，表现为拮抗作用，抑制烟草生长。烟草根、茎、叶各器官变化规律基本同全株一致。 河南农业大学2003届硕士学位论文 3．在营养液中其它各种养分离子形态与浓度一致的条件下，单一 改变营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁的供应水平，烟草各养分积累量均随看 营养液中氮、钾、钙、镁的提高呈抛物线型变化，烟草各养分积累量 的变化趋势却又不完全相同。 营养液中氮形态与烟草各养分积累量密切相关…总体上，随着营 养液中硝态氮所占比例的增加，烟草氮、磷、钙、锌积累量呈抛物线 型变化，但不同养分出现最大积累量时，营养液铰硝配比又不完全相 同，钾、镁、铜、锰积累量随着营养液中硝态氮所占比例的增加表现 出持续增加的趋势，但其增加的幅度是不同的。＿ 营养液中的PH明显的影响着烟草内各养分积累量，烟草体内氮一 磷、钾、钙、镁、锌、铜积累量均随着营养液中PH的提高呈抛物线 型变化，但不同养分出现最大积累量时的营养液PH水平是不同的， 烟草体内锰素积累量与营养液PH水平之间的关系比较特殊，锰素积 累量随着营养液PH的提高表现出先降低后微升，再持续下降的趋势。 当营养液中离子强度由低到高发生变化时，烟草各养分积累量均 呈抛物线型变化，但不同养分出现最大积累量时的营养液离子强度并＿ 不一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 By means of water culture and laboratory analysis, this paper studied the effects of nitrogen, ammonium/nitrate, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ion strength and pH of different levels on the absorption and accumulation of mineral nutrients by flue-cured tobacco variety NC.89. And the interactions among the nutrient ions were also discussed. The results were as follows:1. The growth and the accumulation of dry matter in tobacco closely associated with the concentrations of nutrient ions in culture solution. Under the condition that the forms and concentrations of other nutrients keep the same in the culture solution, Tobacco grew and changed as parabola curves with the increasing of nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium respectively. The concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium, respectively to get the maximum growth and day matter accumulated in tobacco plant were not consistent. The situations in the tobacco root, stem and leaves were similar to that in the whole plant. The influences of poor supply of nitrogen, potassium, calcium and magnesium were greater than that of excess supply. The tobacco growth was closely relate to the forms of nitrogen in the solution. Tobacco grew best when supplied nitrate nitrogen while at NH4+/NO3~ 3:7 the root grew the best. The biomasses of tobacco were different in solutions with different ambient pH. Tobacco grew best at pH 6.5. The ion strength of the culture solution also affected tobacco growing and dry mass accumulation.2. The accumulation and absorption of the other elements were influenced by the single change of N, K, Ca, Mg, ion intensity and pH when other conditions were the same. Generally, when the contents of N, K, Ca, Mg was lower, the absorption of nutrient could be helped with the increasing of nutrient contents, however, when the contents were higher, the results were to the contrary and inhabited tobacco grown. The changing law of root, stem and leaf was consistent basically with the total plant.3. The accumulation of nutrients changed like parabola curves by the singlechange of the supply levels of N, K, Ca and Mg intensity and pH when other conditions were the same, but it different for different nutrients. The form of nitrogen was closely related to the accumulation amount of nutrient of tobacco in the solution. Generally, with the proportion of nitrogen of solution increasing, the accumulation of N, P, Ca and Zn changed like parabola curves. However, it is different for the proportion of niter-nitrogen. The accumulation of K, Mg, Cu, and Mn rose with the increasing of niter-nitrogen while the range was different. The accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu changed like parabola curves with the increasing of pH. But pH was different when accumulation was maximum. The relationships between Mn accumulation and pH were complicated, and the Mn accumulation was reduced first and then increased lightly, again was reduced. The nutrient accumulation changed like parabola curves when ion intensity changed from low to high in solution, however, the ion intensity of max-accumulation appearing were not inconsistent.更多还原