500kbps遥传自然伽玛测井仪研制

【作者】 任晓荣；

【导师】 师义民； 彭琥；

【作者基本信息】 西北工业大学 ， 计算机技术与应用， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 为了能够配接500kbps遥传系统，实现自然伽玛测井，研制了一种新型自然伽玛测井仪。本文首先概要介绍了石油测井的基本概念、方法、条件、最新进展、以及应采取的研发对策，论述了自然伽玛测井的基本原理，介绍了自然伽玛测井仪的发展背景、发展历程和发展现状，通过分析国内自然伽玛测井仪的使用情况和存在的问题，提出了本文的研究任务。研制工作从测井仪研制、可靠性设计与可靠性保障技术、数据处理方法研究三个方面展开，在测井仪研制过程中，根据500kbps遥传系统要求的配接性能和使用环境特征，提出了主要仪器指标，并根据这些指标，设计了仪器模拟测量通道和实现这一配接性能的接口电路；论述了探测器的设计、坪特性影响因素分析及其测试，探讨了仪器的测量性能；在设计接口电路时选用了新型单片机芯片，并与500kbps遥传通用接口单元RTU、500kbpa遥传系统实现了室内配接。在探讨可靠性设计与可靠性保障技术时，提出了石油测井仪器的可靠性计算新模型，从电气和机械两个方面，提出并阐述了应采用的可靠性保障技术及其使用方法：根据最新可靠性理论，建立了石油测井仪器的可靠性系统模型，探讨了石油测井仪器的可靠性指标及其获取途径，提出了推荐使用的石油测井仪器可靠性指标(MWTURE,NOLWNM,MTBF,MTTF)；通过试验，得到了所设计仪器的稳定工作时间(MWTURE)。在研究数据处理方法时，阐述了伽玛信号的特征，对测量误差类型进行了统计检验；介绍了数字滤波的基本理论、数字滤波方法的概况，并进行了分析；对伽玛信号数字滤波效果的影响因素及其对测井曲线的影响进行了基本分析；从获取平稳段真值、地层边界的检测与处理两个方面，建立了数字滤波效果的评价准则(RVI,RMSE,SFI)，给出了相应的数字滤波方法及效果评价方法；探讨了自然伽玛信号数字滤波器的设计方法，提出了适合自然伽玛测井的混合滤波方案，探讨了混合滤波方案的实现途径；通过对部分数字滤波方法的定量研究，给出了灵活可选的数字滤波系统构成及实现流程；提出的三种滤波方案，将用于ERA2000成像测井系统，对自然伽玛测井数据进行滤波处理。最后给出了研究结论，并展望了未来研究工作的主要方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new type of natural Gamma-ray logging tool is developed in order to realize natural Gamma-ray logging compatible with SOOkbps telemetry system.at nrst,the basic conception, methods,conditions,latest developments, resear::ldrr and developing countermeasures should be taken are briefly introduced. The basic principle of natural Gamma-ray log is stated,the developing background, developing ways and developing situation of natural Gamma-ray tools are introduced.the researching task of the paper is presented through analyzing the using situation and questions exsisted in inner natural Gamma-ray tools, the researching work is started from three aspects, they are logging tool development, reliability design and reliability assuring methods,and the data processing methods, in the course of logging tool development, instrument indexes are presented based on the compatible property of SOOkbps telemetry system and environmental property, the analog measuring chanel and the interface circuit which realizing the compatible performance are designed according to the instrument mdexes.the detecto* design.the plateau property testing of the detector and the analysis of it’s affecting factors are stated,the measuring property of the tool is discused,a new type of single chip microcomputer is selected when designing the interface circuit, and the laboratory experiments has fulfiled conmunieating standard signals between the interface circuit ,the universal interface unit of SOOkbps telemetry system and also 500kbps telemetry system . When dicussing reliability design and reliahbAiiy ensuring methods, a new reliability calculating model of petroleum logging tools is presented, reliability assurimg technologies should be taken in petroleum logging tools and their using approaches are presented and stated from electricity design and mechanical design,reliability system model of petroleum logging tool is set up according to the latest reliability theory,reliability indexes of petroleum logging tool and their acquiring ways are discussed,the reconmended reliability indexes (MWTURE, NOLWNM, MTBF, MTTF) of petroleum logging tool are presented:the mean working time under rated error(MWTURE) of the new tool is obtained through experiments.when studying data processing methods,the property of Gamma-ray signal is stated and the type of it’s measuring error is examined using statistical method,the basic theory of digital filtering and the basic situation of digital filtering methods are introduced and analyzed, the factors affecting digital filtering effect to Gamma-ray signal and the effect of digital filtering to logging curve are analyzed, the evaluting criteria (RVI, RMSE, SFI) of digital filtering effect are set up from two aspects,named as real value acquiring of steady section and the formation boundary checking and processing ,the related filtering methods and examining methods are given out.the design methods of digital filter used to process Gamma-ray signal are discussed,the mixed filtering scheme of natural Gamma-ray log is presented,the realization ways are discussed.the selective filtering system and it’s realization flow are given out through quantitive reseaching to part of digital filters,three new filtering sheme will be used to process Gamma-ray signal in ERA2000 logging system. At last ,the researching work is summarized, and the key orientation of future researching work is forecasted.更多还原