【作者】 刘依；

【导师】 韩鲁佳；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业大学 ， 农产品加工及贮藏工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文针对畜产品的安全问题，分析了植物来源饲料添加剂开发利用的现状、我国药用植物资源存在的优势及有效成分的提取分离方法，详细阐述了板蓝根的资源优势、特点、药理作用、主要化学成分。 在分析比较各种板蓝根有效成分测定方法的基础上，选用苯酚-硫酸比色法作为板蓝根多糖的定量测定方法，作山了多糖的标准曲线：c=22.476A+0.5309，其相关系数r=0.9970；选择直接比色测定法作为靛蓝、靛玉红的测定方法，并在此基础上通过试验确定了靛蓝、靛玉红的最大吸收波长及显色稳定性。 针对河北菘蓝分别利用直接水煎法和微波法提取板蓝根多糖。通过对乙醇浓度利醇沉次数进行考察，得出了醇沉时，当乙醇浓度为80％时，板蓝根多糖的得率最高，达到了13.38％：增加醇沉次数，虽然多糖含量明显提高(达到了80.253％)，但是得率却有所降低(14.83％)，且进行二次醇沉，需要使用大量有机溶剂，使成本过高的结论。 论文从浸泡时间、微波功率、微波处理时间三个方面着手，首次将微波法应用于板蓝根多糖的提取，通过正交试验确定了最佳提取工艺，并首次将其与传统的水煎法相结合，使多糖得率比传统方法提高了12.432％，含量提高了5.847％，达到了满意的效果。 针对不同产地(河北、内蒙、山西、河南)的板蓝根进行了试验，得出了不同产地板蓝根多糖的得率和含量差别较大的结论。 针对靛蓝、靛玉红分别通过单因素试验和正交试验，确定了提取的最佳工艺参数为：药材粒度40目，提取时间4hrs，乙醇浓度75％。更多还原

【Abstract】 In allusion to farming products’ safety problem , this thesis analysed the present actuality in the exploitation of plant feedingstuff additive and the advantage of our country in officinal plants, the methods of effective ingredient extraction, and also elucidated the resource predominance, characteristics, pharmacological function and main chemic ingredient of indigowoad root.Based on the analysis and comparison of various methods of mensuration of effective ingredients of indigowoad root,phenol-vitriolic colorimetry has been choosen to be the method of mensuration of amylose in indigowoad root, and standard amylose graph has been made,in which c=22.476A+0.5309, correlation rate r=0.9970; Direct colorimetry has been choosen to be the method of mensuration of indigotin and Indirubin,and based on all above,the maximal absorb wavelenghes of indigotin and Indirubin have been determined through experiment.As to Hebei indigowoad root, hot water extraction and microwave extraction methods have been used to extract polysaccharides of indigowoad root.The following conclusion has been reached through experiment on the ethanol concentration and the times of ethanol precipitation:in ethanol precipitation,if the ethanol concentration is 80%, the production rate of polysaccharides of indigowoad root reaches the topmost of 13.38%;When the times of ethanol precipitation is increased,although the content of polysaccharides increased distinctly (reached 80.253%), production rate reduced(14.83%),and, a great deal of organic solvent must be used in secondary ethanol precipitation,making the cost exorbitant.In this thesis, ethanol precipitation (microwave extraction menthod) has been used for the first time to extract polysaccharides of indigowoad root ,with the dunking time, microwave power and microwave processing time deeply studied respectively,and the optimal craftwork worked out through (positive and negative)experiments,and combined for the first time with traditional hot water extraction method to increase the production rate and content of polysaccharides 12.432% and 5.847% respectively higher than that of traditional method, acquired satisfactory effects.Great difference in production rate and contents of polysaccharides of indigowoad root from different places has been determined by experiments on indigowoad root from different places(Hebei,Inner Mongolia,Shanxi and Henan,etc.).The best parameters of technology have been determined through single factor and positive cross test on indigotin and Indirubin respectively: medicinal materials granularity is 40 eye,extractiontime is 4hrs, ethanol concentration is 75%.更多还原