【作者】 宋向荣；

【导师】 韩克敏；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 水利水电工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文首先提出了智能温室环境计算机集散系统的总体设计方案，该系统是由PC机和多台8031单片机组成的总线型主从式计算机系统。PC机主要完成参数设定、数据处理以及数据的存贮、分析、显示、打印等；运用嵌入式自开发的思想开发下位单片机应用系统，除了自开发所具有的功能以外，还要完成温室的数据采集、传送、处理等实时控制任务。 本文通过对智能温室计算机集散系统中的单片机应用系统的研究，提出了单片机嵌入式自开发的思想，对单片机应用系统中的微处理器系统进行了硬件设计及部分软件的设计。其中特别对总线进行了设计，参考了STD总线的优点和PC／104总线的结构，设计出了USER-BUS用户总线。该总线采用三总线结构，即地址总线(AB)、数据总线(DB)和控制总线(CB)，具有良好的兼容性，从而使应用系统具有灵活性和通用性等特点，方便用户对应用系统进行扩展。 本文以8031单片机最小系统为基础，对单片机系统进行扩展。由于8031单片机的CPU无片内RAM，其程序存储器和数据存储器又是分开编址的，因此，为了达到自开发的目的、实现单片机应用系统的自开发功能，需要对程序存储器和数据存储器进行统一编址，使程序存储器可读写，以便在程序调试、修改、下装过程中修改程序存储器。 整个单片机应用系统的设计，包括微处理器部分的设计、应用部分的设计及电源部分的设计等。其中，微处理器的设计是关键。在微处理器部分的设计中，主要包括以下内容：单片机及存储器电路设计、译码器电路设计、参数区电路设计、中断控制电路设计、看门狗电路设计、串行通信接口电路设计等。 文中对上位PC机与下位单片机之间的串行通信接口进行设计，上位PC机通信软件运用Visual C++6.0编写，下位机通信软件运用汇编语言进行编写，从而实现了上、下位机之间的数据串行通信。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the whole design plan of computer total distributed system in intelligent greenhouse environment control is purposed. The control system consists of PC and multi-single chip 8031 that is a principal and subordinate computer system. PC mainly performs following functions: parameter setting and data processing, storing, analysis, display and print, etc. Using embedded self-developing idea to develop single-chip applying system, besides of the function of self-developing system, it also should accomplish missions of real-time control on greenhouse environment, such as data gathering, transmitting, and processing.Through the study of single-chip applying system in computer total distributed system of intelligent greenhouse, the idea of embedded and self-developing of single-chip is purposed, and hardware and partial software of applying system are designed. Especially BUS is designed. Advantages of STD BUS and structure of PC/104 BUS are referred to design the USER-BUS, which uses three bus structures, i.e. Address BUS(AB), Data BUS(DB) and Control BUS(CB). It is well compatible, and the applying system has flexibility and common use and is convenient to extent for users.The research extents the single-chip system on the basis of the 8031 single-chip minimal system. Because there is no inner RAM in CPU of 8031 single-chip and addresses of program memory and data memory are organized separately, in order to attain the goal of self-developing and to realize self-developing function of single-chip applying system, the address of program memory and data memory should be organized uniformly to be read and written for program memory and be revised for it during debugging, modifying and unloading programs.Designing of whole single-chip applying system includes micro-processor, applying part and power part. The designing of microprocessor is a key. In the part, there are following contents: single-chip and memory circuit, interrupt control circuit, decoding circuit, parameter area circuit, watchdog circuit and serial communication interface circuit, etc.In this paper, serial communication interfaces between upper PC and lower single-chips are designed. Upper PC communication software uses Visual C++6.0 to program, and lower communication software uses assembly language to program, therefore, data serial communication between upper and lower computers are realized.更多还原