论玩忽职守罪

【作者】 周连根；

【导师】 叶高峰；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 刑法学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 玩忽职守罪是97刑法第397条第一款规定的。它是发案率高、危害严重的犯罪。但由于立法技术等原因对该罪的规定过于简单，不利于司法操作，在理论和实践中引起争议较多。本文试作一些探讨。 本文内容包括五个部分。 第一部分主要回顾和总结我国关于玩忽职守罪的立法沿革，介绍了我国玩忽职守罪的立法现状。在此基础上，对修订刑法关于玩忽职守罪的修改完善，进行了初步分析。 第二部分论述玩忽职守罪的概念和特征，是本文的核心部分。在特征部分对该罪的客体、客观方面、主体、主观方面进行了深入的分析。一是介绍了学术界对玩忽职守罪的几种不同的认识，结合犯罪客体的概念进行了分析，阐述了玩忽职守罪的客体是公务职责和国家机关的正常活动。二是对玩忽职守罪的客观方面着重从行为表现形式及危害后果进行了分析，概括了玩忽职守行为的四种表现形式，并与滥用职权行为进行了比较，对客观危害后果的具体情形进行了探讨。三是概括指出了玩忽职守罪的主体范围。四是分析玩忽职守罪的主观方面，认为玩忽职守罪既可以由过失构成，也可以由间接故意构成。 第三部分对玩忽职守罪认定的有关问题进行阐述。在罪与非罪的界限中，分别提出了玩忽职守罪与官僚主义、工作失误以及一般玩忽职守行为的界限，对玩忽职守罪的法条竞合问题进行了初步分析，重点论述了玩忽职守罪与滥用职权罪、受贿罪以及重大责任事故罪的界限。 第四部分主要分析对该罪的处罚，认为在确定该罪行为人的刑事责任时必须考虑重大损失的程度和其它犯罪情节的轻重，论述了该罪主体刑事责任的分担问题。 第五部分分析了玩忽职守罪立法上存在的问题。主要有：一是主体狭窄，二是罪过形式不清，三是条文设置不当，四是处罚原则泛化，五是客观方面有所疏漏。然后结合我国立法现状，提出了完善玩忽职守罪立法的意见和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Crime of neglecting one’s duties is fixed to the first item of number 397 of the criminal law of 1997. It is a serious and dangerous crime with high rate of occurrence of cases. But due to the simple regulations on the guilty in legislative technologies, it will not benefit administration of justice, causing more disputes in both theory and practice, The following is to deal with it in five part.The first part reviews and summarizes our country’s legislative evolution on the crime of neglecting one’s duties, and introduces its current situation. On the basis of this, the tentative analysis is made to modify and perfect law on the crime of neglecting one’s duties in the revising type. -The second part is the key one of this article in describing the concept and characteristics of the crime of neglecting ones duties. In its characteristic part the deep analysis is given to the object and objective respects and subject and the subjective respects of the crime mentioned above. In the first place, it introduces several different kinds of understanding to the crime on neglecting one’s duties in the academia, analyses it by combining the concept of the object of crime and explains that the object of crime to neglect one’s duties is the duty of public affair and normal activity of the government office. Secondly, the guilty objective respect has been analyzed from the form of expression of behavior and dangerous consequence emphatically to neglecting one’s duties and four kinds of forms of expression of the behavior of neglecting one’s duties have been summarized. Compared with the behavior ofabusing one’s power, the concrete situation of endangering the consequence objectively has been probed. Thirdly, it points out briefly the subjective range of crime of neglecting one’s duties. Fourthly, by analyzing the subjective range of crime of neglecting one’s duties’ it is considered that crime one’s duties can be formed both of fault and on purpose indirectly.The third part mainly explains the relevant questions of asserting crime of neglecting one’s duties. In the demarcation line of being innocent or guilty, it points out separately the demarcation line between crime of neglecting one’s duties and bureaucracy, work fault and general neglecting one’s duties. The initial analysis is made to explain the law question on crime of neglecting one’s duties. It expounds especially the demarcation line between crime of neglecting one’s duties and crimes of abusing one’s power, bribery and liability in the serious accident.The fourth part mainly analyses punishment on crime of neglecting one’s duties. In determining person’s criminal responsibilities of such crime, the degree of great loss and weights of other crimes must be considered. The question of sharing of the responsibility for a crime to the subject is also described in this part.The fifth part analyzes the existing question of legislation on the crime of neglecting one’s duties. There are mainly five ones: narrow subject, unclear form of fault, improper clause, generalized principle on punishment and slipped objective respect to some extent, Then by combining the current legislative situation of our country, suggestions and opinions have been put forward in making legislation on the crime of neglecting one’s duties perfect.更多还原