【作者】 邓东；

【导师】 邹龙庆；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 机械设计与理论， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 据现场统计，井架和地锚桩是井下作业提升系统安全生产中的两个薄弱环节。对井架进行受力分析评价，工程上常用的方法是现场测试井架应力、位移、及结构动态特性，以测试数据为基础，按线形外推的方法确定井架的承载力。这种方法只能对有限的危险部位进行布置测点，而且试验载荷也大大低于设计载荷，因此很难取得全面、合理的评价结果。另一方面对地锚桩的受力分析评价，现场仅凭经验控制地锚桩承受的最大拉力，具有相当大的盲目性，因此生产事故时有发生。 本文提出一套基于模型修正理论的井架结构分析方法用于井架的受力分析评价。将井架结构分析与测试分析相结合，从而真实的反映各种载荷作用下井架任意部位的力学性能，科学全面的对井架进行安全评价。井架结构分析是采用Algor FEAS软件，建立井架的计算机数值模型，分析得到位移、应力、模态、稳定型等力学参数与井架承载能力之间的关系；测试分析以DASP软件为测试分析平台，采用16通道实时并行大容量井架动态信号采集分析系统，对现场井架进行动态测试；在这两部分研究的基础上，提出了以井架初始缺陷等效处理方法修正数值模型的评定理论，以实测数据修正井架计算机理想数值模型，使之逼近于井架真实结构，然后通过计算机载荷模拟试验确定其承载力，根据剩余承载能力极限状态评定理论对井架进行综合评定。 本文首次对井下作业提升系统中的地锚桩的极限抗拔载荷进行了测试研究。用瞬态激振的办法，采用变时基方法测出地锚桩的导纳曲线，进而研究地锚桩的抗拔拉力。采用DASP软件和INV303／306型智能信号采集处理分析系统对不同种类的地锚桩的抗拔拉力进行测试，为现场作业提供了参考资料。更多还原

【Abstract】 By statistic, the derrick and peg are the two weak parts in the safe work of downhole operation hoist system. The most frequently employed method in engineering is to determine the load resisting capacity of derrick by the method of the linearity extrapolation from the measured data about stress, displacement and dynamic characteristic arrived from tests for derrick in oil field. But because the measured points can only be set at the limited danger positions of derrick at loading test and the tested load is greatly lower than the design load, it is difficult to get the comprehensive and logical evaluation result. In the past people only blindly evaluate the ground anchor peg by the former experience without any scientific method, so that there are quite a few accidents happened in fieldwork.Combining structure and measure analysis for derrick, this thesis put forward an evaluation method based on the model modification theory, which was capable of truly reflecting the mechanical performance of any part under different load and then carrying out the safety evaluation for derrick scientifically. In the structure analysis for derrick, firstly Algor FEAS was developed. The author established the computer numerical model to analyze the relation of the load resisting capacity of derrick and the mechanical parameters about displacement, stress, mode and stability, hi the measure analysis for derrick, based on the DASP analysis platform, mass parallel real-time Acquisition Analysis System having 16 channels was developed for dynamic signal of derrick, which was capable of satisfying the demand of dynamic measure for derricks in oilfield. According the two researches above, the author presented an evaluation theory of numerical model modification by processing initial defects equivalently. The computer numerical model of the ideal derrick structure was modified on basis of the measured data, so as to approach to the real structure of derrick in use, and then through computer loading simulation test, the load resisting capacity of the derrick was determined. Then the derricks were evaluated comprehensively by the remaining resistance state evaluation theory.Using instantaneous impulsion and the method of frequency conversion to get the conductance curve of ground anchor peg, this thesis firstly expressed the measure research on ground anchor peg of downhole operation hoist system. By using the signal collection equipment INV303/306 to get the information and calculating out the transfer function with the software DASP, the author got the dynamic rigidity and the resistive pull finally. The outcome can be used as reference data for the workers in oil field.更多还原