人格塑造与大学生心理健康教育

【作者】 程鲜彩；

【导师】 宋俐娟； 程绍珍；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 加强心理健康教育是当前思想政治教育中很重要的一个课题，以人格塑造来促进大学生心理健康，进而形成良好的思想品格和道德风貌，是充分发挥心理健康教育对思想政治工作积极作用的一条新途径。 人格是由诸多活跃的心理倾向和稳定的心理特征所构成的体现个人品格的独特的反应系统，是人在社会化过程中形成的给予人特色的身心组织。人格系统包括认知、情感、意志三大组成部分。通俗意义上的人格还包括“行”。人格具有四个特征：（1）整体性和统一性；（2）差异性和共同性；（3）稳定性和可变性；（4）生物性和社会性。人格在后天的环境中可以重新塑造，人格教育具有理论意义。人格发展与心理健康两者是相辅相成，互相促进的关系。健康人格指一种个人素养，它包括一个人成才所需要的德、识、才、学，包括对自身的深刻认知与了解，包括一个人实现自己人生使命时所需要的意志品质与情绪调节力，而且它也包括对生活一直持有的积极向上的健康态度。简单来说，青年大学生的健康人格需要在知、情、意、行四方面的发展上均达到和谐状态。 在心理健康教育实践中，人们只注重了问题的一个方面（即只注重以心理健康教育来促进大学生人格完善），而忽视了另一方面（通过人格教育来提高大学生心理健康水平）。在心理健康教育中突出人格塑造的内容，是本文提出的主要论点。开展大学 生人格教育具有现实意义。 按照知、情、意三者在人格系统中的发展情况，当代大学生 的人格大致可分为正常型人格和变异型人格两大类。该两大类 内部叉可具体地细分为若干小类型。当代大学生人格的现状，总 体来说，其发展较为和谐一致，但相当程度上也存在着缺陷和变 异，应引起各界对大学生人格的关注。 本文对消极影响大学生人格的因素，从以下五方面作了分 析：（）中国传统人格的矛盾性八2）社会转型带来的人格负面变 化；门）教育对人格的双重影响；＊）生活经历与家庭教育的偏 失。门）个体心理发展的局限与个性特征的缺陷。 在文章的最后，针对加强大学生健康人格教育、提高大学生 心理健庚水平，从以下两大方面提出了对策：（一）强化心理健康 教育，突出健康人格；（二）加强学校其它有关方面的建设。更多还原

【Abstract】 Strengthening psychology heath education is an important task in the present course of ideological and political education. Personality molding enhances college student psychology health. which is helpful to form good ideology morality and morals style. It is a new path that psychology health education abundantly give active play to ideological and political work.Personality is a distinctive reaction system that embodies the individual character. which is made of many active psychological ten(lQncV and stable psychological feature,and is a body and mind tissue. \vbiCh gives people distinguishing feature, that takes shape in the social process of human. The personality system includes three parts:cognition,emotion and will. The common meaning of personality still includes behavior.The personality has four traits:1 )entirety and unify;2 )diffcrence and generality;3 st ~ bility and variability-I )biological character and social character.The personality can he made anew in the postnatal surrounding. The personality education has theretical sense. The development of personality and the health of psychology are supplemented each other. They are reciprocal causations.The healthy personality is an individual accomplishment1?which includes morality~ insight~ ablity and knowledge which are acquired in the course of becoming a useful person; includes deep cognition and comprehension to self ;includes determination quality and regulation power to mood which acquired by the man when he want to accomplish his rnission;and includes active~ healthy attitude which is hold in all one抯 life. In brief, the healthy personalitv of college students comes to harmonions situation in the development of cognition~ emotion, will and behavior.But in the practice of psychological health education ,We have only focused on one side of the problem (that is only to promote personality perfection of college students by developing psychologil health education), hut ignored the othe side (that is to improve the psychological healthy level of college students by developing personality education). It has realisitc sense to develop the personality education of college students. It is the main thesis raised iw my article that sticke out the content of personality model in the psychological health education.According to the development condition of cognition emonon and will in the personalitY systern,The personality of conteniporarv college students can be departed into two kinds: normal type and variational type roughly. The irma1 of the two kinds can also be divided into some small classes. In genaral , the personality status que of contemporary college students develops ralatively concordant. but in some degree, it still has some flaw and variatton~whicb should be pay more attontion to.The author analyses the factor which affect personality of??college students postively by five sides, that are:I )the traditional personality contradictory of china;2)the negative change made by social transforming;3)the double influence of education;4 )the deviation of lifing experience.~ )limit of individual psychology development and flaw of individual character.Aiming at strengthening healthy personality education of college students and enhancing psychological health level of college students. the author posts countermeasures in two large sides in the last of the article, that areI ) streengthening psychological health education. giving prominence to healthy personality.2)strengthening other aspective construction in school.更多还原