【作者】 相金；

【导师】 张胜义；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 分析化学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 作为一种半导体材料,TiO2具有良好的光电转换效应,且价格低廉、无污染,在太阳能电池方面有广阔的应用前景。本论文在溶胶凝胶法制备TiO2薄膜的基础上,利用溶液掺杂、电聚合掺杂等方法将单质硒、氧化石墨烯(GO)和聚苯胺(PANI)分别引入薄膜,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外一可见光谱(UV-vis)等测试技术对所得到的Se/TiO2、Se/GO/TiO2和PANI/GO/TiO2复合薄膜进行表征,以氙灯作为光源,研究了所制备薄膜的光电转换性质,探讨了各种影响因素及薄膜中的电子转移机理。主要研究内容如下：1.Se/TiO2复合薄膜的制备及其光电转换性质研究首先,采用溶胶凝胶法制备氢氧化钛溶胶,以导电玻璃(ITO)为基底,经过浸渍-涂覆-煅烧过程,制备TiO2薄膜。然后采用电沉积技术将Se纳米粒子沉积在TiO2薄膜表面,制备Se/TiO2复合薄膜。通过优选电沉积Se的条件,提高Se/TiO2复合薄膜的性能。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)等测试技术对薄膜进行表征。结果表明,所得薄膜致密、均匀,具有锐钛矿相结构的TiO2颗粒粒径为20nm,薄膜中的Se颗粒粒径为60-80nm。光电转换实验结果表明,在Se的作用下,Se/TiO2复合薄膜对可见光有很好的光电转换效应。2. Se/GO/TiO2复合薄膜的制备及其光电转换性质研究首先,将氧化石墨烯(GO)加入氢氧化钛溶胶中,以导电玻璃(ITO)为基底,经过浸渍-涂覆-煅烧过程,制备GO/TiO2复合薄膜。然后采用电沉积技术将Se纳米粒子沉积在GO/TiO2薄膜表面,获得Se/GO/TiO2复合薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)等测试技术对薄膜进行表征。结果表明,薄膜中各种物质分布均匀,具有锐钛矿相结构的TiO2颗粒粒径为20nm,GO为分散的片层结构,与Ti02结合较好,薄膜中的Se颗粒粒径为60-80nm。光电转换实验结果表明,在Se和GO的共同作用下,Se/GO/TiO2复合薄膜对可见光有很好的光电转换效应。3. PANI/GO/TiO2复合薄膜的制备及光电转换性质研究首先,用溶胶凝胶法,将GO掺入氢氧化钛溶胶中,以导电玻璃(ITO)为基底,以浸渍一提拉的方式制成多孔GO/TiO2复合薄膜。然后,采用电沉积技术将苯胺原位聚合(形成聚苯胺)沉积在GO/TiO2薄膜表面,获得了PANI/GO/TiO2复合薄膜。利用SEM、XRD、UV-Vis等测试技术对各薄膜进行了表征。结果表明,制备的PANI/GO/TiO2复合薄膜较为均匀,TiO2粒径小于20nm,具有锐钛矿相结构,GO片层掺杂或附着在TiO2薄膜上,呈链状的PANI沉积在GO/TiO2薄膜上。经光电性质测试,结果表明,在PANI和GO的共同作用下,PANI/GO/TiO2复合薄膜具有较好的光电转换性质。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a semiconductor material, TiO2has good photovoltaic effect, low cost and little pollution, and has broad application prospects in solar cells.In this paper, based on the TiO2film preperation by the sol-gel process, elemental Se, graphene oxide (GO) and Polyaniline (PANI) were respectively introduced by solution doping and electro-depositing doping. The Se/TiO2, Se/GO/TiO2and PANI/GO/TiO2composite films as-fabricated were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray Diffraction, Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometer. Using xenon lamp as light source, the photoelectric conversion property of composite films was studied. Various effect factors and the mechnism of photoelectric conversion of the composite films were discussed.Main work as follows:1. Preparation and photoelectric transformation of Se/TiO2composite filmFirst, with the Ti(OH)4sol-gel solution via dip-coating and calcining technique, the TiO2film was prepared on the ITO glass plate. Then, the Se/TiO2composite film was fabricated by electro-depositing Se nanoparticles on the TiO2film. By optimizing the condition of electrodeposition, the property of the Se/TiO2composite film was improved. The films as-prepared were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and UV-Vis spectrometer. The results show that the films are uniform and compact. The TiO2nanoparticles with diameter20nm have anatase phase and Se nanoparticles with diameter60-80nm distributed in the TiO2film homogeneously. The photoelectric experiment results indicate that the Se/TiO2composite film has satisfactory photoelectric transformation property, due to the introduction of Se nanoparticles.2. Preparation and photoelectric transformation of Se/GO/TiO2composite filmFirst, with the Ti(OH)4sol-gel solution containing the GO via dip-coating and calcining technique, the GO/TiO2composite film was prepared on the ITO glass plate. Then, the Se/GO/TiO2composite film was fabricated by electro-depositing Se nanoparticles on the GO/TiO2film. The composite films as-prepared were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and UV-Vis spectrometer. The results show that the components are uniformly distracted in film. The TiO2particles with diameter20nm have anatase phase, the GO sheets doped in or attached to TiO2film and the Se nanoparticles with diameter60-80nm distributed in the GO/TiO2film. The photoelectric experiment results indicate that the Se/GO/TiO2composite film has satisfactory photoelectric transformation property, by virtue of the co-function of Se and GO.3.Preparation and photoelectric transformation of PANI/GO/TiO2composite filmFirst, with the Ti(OH)4sol-gel solution containing the GO via dip-coating and calcining technique, the GO/TiO2composite film was prepared on the ITO glass plate. Then, the PANI/GO/TiO2composite film was fabricated by electro-polymerizing and electro-depositing aniline (formed as Polyaniline) on the GO/TiO2film. The composite films as-prepared were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and UV-Vis spectrometer. The results show that the composite films are uniform. The TiO2particles with diameter20nm have anatase phase, the GO sheets doped in or attached to TiO2film and catcnoid PANI deposited in the GO/TiO2film. The photoelectric experiment results indicate that the PANI/GO/TiO2composite film has satisfactory photoelectric transformation property, due to the co-function of PANI and GO.更多还原