【作者】 范秋蕾；

【导师】 侯宇；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 法律， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随经济的快速发展,我国人口也出现了大幅度的流动。这种人口流动主要体现在农村人口向城市流动和城市之间的人口流动。这种流动一方面加剧了城市的发展,另一方面则衍生出一个新的问题：流动人口如何保障其宪法权利的有效实施。许多流动人口由于其户籍的限制,其宪法规定的基本权利无法得到有效的保障。其中,又以平等权和受教育权的影响最大。正是由于我国目前不合理的城乡二元户籍制度的制约,使人口无法自由流动,进而影响了公民基本权利的实现。要保障非本地户籍公民的宪法权利,最重要的一点就是改革现有的不合理的户籍制度,让公民的自由迁徙权得到切实的实现。约翰·罗尔斯在《正义论》中提出,社会制度应当这样设计,以便事情无论变得怎样,作为结果的分配都是正义的。我们不能否认1958年颁布的户口登记条例曾在一定时期内发生过巨大作用,但是,在目前状况下,旧的户口登记条例已经不能适应我国的现实状况,甚至可以说它对于权利的分配结果是不正义的。其在一定程度上侵犯了宪法规定的公民的基本权利,因此必须加以改革。何种户籍改革方法既能适应当前人口大幅流动的具体情况,又能充分的保障非本地户籍公民的宪法权利才是我们目前应当加以研究的。总之,通过阐述非本地户籍公民的宪法权利的缺失这一现象,分析出其存在的根本原因就是我国不符合目前社会和经济状况的户籍制度。虽然在一定时期内这种城乡二元户籍制度曾发生过较大作用,但以目前来看,其并不符合我国的国情,因此急需改革,以保障非本地户籍人口在迁移过程中的宪法权利,真正实现公民在法律面前的平等权。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the rapid development of economy, our country population also appeared substantial flow. This flow of people is mainly reflected in the rural population migration and the inter-urban migration. This flow has intensified the development of the city, on the other hand, derived a new problem:How to guarantee the effective implementation of the constitutional rights of the floating population is a big challenge for us. Because of the household registration restrictions, many of the migrants’constitutional rights could not be protected effectively. Among them, the equal rights and the right to education have the greatest impact. It is due to the unreasonable restriction of urban and rural household registration system in our country since1958, that means the population can not flow freely, which affects the realization of the basic rights of citizens. In order to guarantee the non-registered residents’constitutional right, the most important point is to reform the current unreasonable household registration system, insure the citizen’s right of free migration get practical implementation.In his A Theory of Justice, John Rawls proposes that the social system is to be designed so that the resulting distribution is just however things turn out. We can not deny the1958Household Registration Ordinance played a huge role in a certain period of time, under the current situation, the1958Household Registration Ordinance has been unable to adapt to the present situation of our country. And even can be said that it is not justice. It is necessary to reform this urban and rural household registration system because it has ruined the citizens’constitutional rights. The reform of household registration method which can adapt to the specific circumstances of the current population flow, and fully guarantee the non-registered residents’constitutional rights are what we should study at present.In a word, as we mentioned this phenomenon on the non-registered residents’ constitutional rights, it results in that our urban and rural household registration system can not adapt to the current social and economic conditions. Although in a certain period of time it plays an important role in our nation-building,.but at present, it is not in line with China’s national conditions. So it is urgent need to reform this household registration system, in order to protect the non-registered residents’ constitutional rights, guarantee the non-registered resident, like all citizens in the country, are equal before the law.更多还原