【作者】 路燕；

【导师】 朱国生；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 心理技能训练是科学训练中重要的一部分，它影响着运动员技战术水平的发挥，提高运动员的自我调节能力。为更好的验证心理技能理论对曲棍球运动项目的指导作用，文章采用文献资料法、观察法、心理量表测量法、实验法和数据统计法，以国家青少年女子曲棍球运动员为被试，进行干预前测，结合研究者观察和教练员的建议，总结曲棍球运动员心理技能现状；在此基础上对运动员进行心理干预和干预后测，通过心理技能训练提高心理技能水平。文章研究结果如下：（1）理论部分：文章基于国内外心理技能理论、心理技能现状和心理干预研究，结合女子曲棍球运动项目特点，建构曲棍球心理技能理论。主要包括：曲棍球运功项目心理技能特征归纳；曲棍球运功项目心理干预理论与心理干预模型构建。（2）实证部分：实证部分呈现出的结果主要包括曲棍球运动员心理技能现状和心理技能干预效果两部分内容。曲棍球运动心理技能现状：①心理技能水平较低，认知调控和集中注意力水平明显低于常模均值。②女子青少年曲棍球运动员情绪发展多变，消极情绪较多，稳定性较差，自我调节能力较差。③女子青少年曲棍球运动员集中注意力水平较低，容易受外部环境的影响，抗干扰能力差。④身心的发展不平衡、训练比赛压力大、心理放松技能缺乏，运动员经常处于身心疲劳状态。曲棍球运动心理技能干预效果：①干预后心理技能水平明显高于干预前，干预前后认知调控和集中注意力呈显著性差异，心理技能训练提高心理技能水平。②干预后运动员训练疲劳程度得到改善，心理技能训练有利于青少年运动员调整身心健康。③不同场上位置、不同训练年限运动员干预前后心理技能具有差异性。④教练员、运动员对心理技能训练效果均有较好的评价.本研究在理论上丰富了心理技能研究，为心理技能训练提供理论基础。在实践上对于指导女子曲棍球运动项目，乃至其它项目的心理训练有一定的指导价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Psychological skill training is an important part of scientific training, it affect theathletes’ optimal performance and improve the self-adjusting ability of athletes. Toverify psychological skills theory to guide hockey players, The paper uses the literaturematerial law, observation method, psychological scale measurement method,experimental method and data statistics method, and treating the national youth womenhockey players as subjects, combined with observations and suggestions of the coaches,researchers summarize the hockey athletes present mental ability before the interventiontest; On the basis of the psychological intervention and after the intervention, throughthe psychological skills training, athletes’ skills level has been improved the researchresults are as follows:(1) Theoretical part: Being based on psychological theory and the psychologicalintervention study, the present situation of mental skills at home and abroad, combiningwith the characteristics of women’s hockey, this paper constructs the sportspsychological skills theory model, including: hockey exercise project characteristicssummarized psychological skills; Psychological intervention of hockey exercise project;constructing psychological intervention model.(2) Empirical part: Empirical part presents the results of psychological skillsincluding present situation of psychological skills and intervention effect of hockeyplayers.The present situation of psychological skills of hockey sport:①the low level ofpsychological skills, cognitive control and concentration level is significantly lowerthan the average norm.②Emotional development of youth women hockey players ischangeable, more negative emotions, poor stability, and poor self-regulation.③Concentration level of youth women hockey player is lower. Players vulnerable to be influenced by the external environment.④Due to the imbalanced development ofbody and mind, training stress and lack of relaxed skills, athletes are often in a state ofphysical and mental fatigue.Intervention effect of hockey players:①after the intervention the level ofpsychological skill obviously is higher than before the intervention. There aresignificant before and after of intervention with cognitive control and concentration.mental skills training has improved the skills level.②After intervention trainingathletes’ fatigue has alleviated. Mental skills training for young athletes adjust physicaland mental health of players.③Different position, different mental skills training ofathletes before and after the intervention have difference.④Coaches and athletes givegood evaluation to the effect of mental skills training.Theoretically, this research enriches the mental skills theory, providing theoreticalbasis for mental skills training. In practice, the research guide women’s hockey sports,and has a certain instruction value for mental training of other sport events.更多还原