【作者】 李朋；

【导师】 魏立新；

【作者基本信息】 东北石油大学 ， 油气储运工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 目前，我国多数油田的开发已经进入到高含水期，其中大庆油田的部分老厂区已经进入特高含水期阶段，综合含水率已经达到95%，在集输过程中，掺入大量的热水造成转油站耗气量，耗电量急剧增加，因此，对油井实施不加热集输便成为主要节能降耗措施之一。本文主要探讨的34口单井处于大庆油田第一采油厂，开发层系属于断东井网重构、PⅠ1、3-7层，该层系经过多年开采，综合含水率已经达到95%以上，且该34口油井集输管道采用胆管深埋敷设，油井产液量高，集油半径小等特点，经过室内剪切试验，该区块含水原油具备单管不加热集输条件。但在实际生产运行中，增加通球设施可进一步保障不加热集输的顺利开展。因此针对该区块的生产实际，对单管不加热集输适应性的探讨，将会起到降低原油生产成本，从而为实现油田地面生产的节能降耗提供技术支持。本文在基于该区块的原油物性以及油水乳状液的低温流变性分析的基础上，基于一套成型的室内集输试验装置，开展室内模拟试验。通过对低温流变性实验结果的分析以及对集输过程中的温降的计算，确定了相应工况条件下的安全回油温度界限，并结合现场实际生产数据进行校核，进而确定该区块的低温集输工艺运行参数。在室内模拟试验的基础上，结合现场实际生产运行情况，开展了现场试验。现场试验结果表明，该区块所辖油井基本具备开展不加热集输的可行性，定期投球通管能够安全回油。这一技术可在部分区块全面开展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, most oilfields have entered into the high water-cut stage in our country. Andsome old plants in Daqing oilfield has already accessed into the ultra-high water cut stage, thetotal water cut has reached95%. In the process of gathering, gas and electricity consumptionincreased sharply because of the hot water incorporation. So, the implement of gatheringwithout heat has been one of the mainly measures for lowering energy consumption. The34wells this paper discussed are in the No.1Oil Production Company of Daqing, and the layerseries of development belong to the east broken well pattern reconstruction, layer of PⅠ1、3-7.This layer has been exploited for many years, and the total water cut has reached more than95%. The deep laying of buried duct has been used in these gathering pipelines, combiningthe characteristics with high oil well liquid-producing and tiny radius of oil gathering, it isknown that the water cut crude oil in this block has the condition of pipeline gatheringwithout heat, according to the indoor sheering test. But in the practical operation, it can bedeveloped smoothly by adding the facility of pigging to further protest the gathering withoutheat. Therefore, it will decrease the production cost of crude oil by developing theadaptability of pipeline gathering without heat. Then offer the technical support to realizingthe lowering energy consumption of oilfield ground production.On the basis of the crude oil properties and the analysis of low temperature rheologicalproperty of oil-water emulsion in this block, we developed an indoor simulation test with a setof indoor gathering tester. According to the analysis of low temperature rheological propertytest result and the calculation of temperature drop during the process of gathering,temperature limit of oil return security is worked out under the corresponding workingcondition. And by checking the actual production data in site, the operating parameters of lowtemperature gathering process in the block are received.On the foundation of the indoor simulation experiment, combining with the actualproduction data in site, a field test is developed. The results indicate that wells in this blockhave the feasibility of gathering without heat, and security of oil return can be realized bypigging regularly. This technology can be widely used in some blocks.更多还原