【作者】 潘宇；

【导师】 王列平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽理工大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 近百年来,人类对地下水的过度开采,已经在全球范围内造成了严重的地表沉降现象,给地球自然环境和人类日常生活带来了巨大的危害；对于煤矿工业广场而言,地表沉降导致的工业广场及主副井井架基础的沉降,给矿井生产和安全带来极大的威胁。本文介绍了变形监测的基本原理和方法,以许疃煤矿为例,建立了工广地表和主副井井架基础非采动沉降监测系统,以国家二等水准测量标准对监测网进行了4期全面观测和9期次级网沉降观测。根据观测数据对基准点进行了稳定性分析。采用拟稳平差方法对首级网观测数据进行处理,并对工作点进行了差异性检验。分别采用固定基准、重心基准和拟稳基准对监测网数据进行处理,选用重心基准作为监测网平差基准,得到了主副井井架基础最大沉降量分别为242.7mm和240.7mm,最大沉降差分别为4mm和4mm。并将钻孔水位动态变化曲线与工广地表下沉曲线进行对比分析表明,地表沉降与水位变化呈现显著的相关关系,但存在一定的滞后效应。本文介绍了灰色GM(1,1)模型以及预测方法。根据灰色系统理论,对非等间隔数据序列等间隔化,通过模型误差比较优选最佳维数,建立了能反映工程动态变化的灰色GM(1,1)等维新息模型,得到主副井井架基础监测点沉降预测最大残差值分别为0.9mm和1.3mm。经过模型精度评定,预测等级均为1级。预测了2012年1月主副井井架基础监测点的沉降值。本文基于Microsoft Visual Studio2008编写了监测网平差处理程序和灰色GM(1,1)模型预测程序。图[35]表[29]参[52]更多还原

【Abstract】 In the past century, human’s uncontrolled exploitation of groundwater has caused serious surface settlement all over the world. As a kind of widespread geological hazards, surface settlement can cause great harm to the earth’s natural environment and human daily life. As a coal mine industry square, there is a great threat which was caused by the main and auxiliary shafts’ base of mine subsidence which was leaded by the surface settlement in mine production and mine safe.Taking Xutuan coal mine as an example, the non-mining subsidence monitoring system of the coal mine industry square and the main and auxiliary shafts’base has been build based on principles and methods of deformation monitoring in this paper. According to National second order leveling standard,4times overall observations for subsidence monitoring network has been collected, and the secondary network has been lasted for9periods. The stability analysis of the reference points by the observation data. The quasi-stable adjustment has been used to process the first network observation data, and the difference has been tested for the working points. The fixed datum, gravity datum and quasi-stable datum were used to process the monitoring network data, the gravity datum has been selected as the adjustment datum of the monitoring network. From the results of adjustment data, the maximum settlement of the main and auxiliary shafts’base of mine were242.7mm and240.7mm, the maximum settlement difference were4.0mm and4.1mm. By contrasting the dynamic change curve of the drilling water level with the subsidence curve of the coal mine industry square, the result which the significant and hysteretic relationship between land subsidence and water level variation had been showed in this passage.The GM (1,1) model and the prediction method were introduced in this passage. According to the theory of grey system, the equal-dimension and new-information model was has been built after Equaled the interval of the non equal interval data sequence and preferred the best dimension through the comparison with the model error. From settlement prediction data, the maximum of predicting data residual error of the main and auxiliary shafts’base of mine were0.9mm and1.3mm. Through the model precision evaluation, the accuracy of model reached the highest level. The settlement value of the main and auxiliary shafts’base of mine in January2012was predicted at last.The adjustment program which designed to process settlement data and the GM(1,1) prediction program based on Microsoft Visual Studio2008were introduced in this passage.更多还原