【作者】 柴少峰；

【导师】 黄建龙；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着切削加工向着高切削速度、高进给速度和高加工精度的方向发展，要求数控机床不仅具有良好的静态特性，而且具有良好的动态特性。由于结合面在机床结构中的大量存在，使得机床结构不再连续，机床的力学特性变得复杂。因此，如何统一考虑结合面的各种影响因素，识别结合面的刚度和阻尼参数值，从理论上精确建立结合面的通用动力学模型，并将其应用到有限元建模仿真过程中，是当前结合面研究的重点与难点，也是本文要解决的关键性问题。本文以兰州机床厂生产的CK5116数控立式车床为研究对象，对CK5116数控立式车床的立柱—底座结合面进行力学特性研究。首先，研究结合面的刚度和阻尼机理，分析了结合面的7种影响因素对结合面静、动态特性的作用及规律。通过三种静力学模型和两种结合面结合方式的对比，指出结合面力学特性对于整机静、动态特性的影响。然后，基于结合面基础特性理论，以单位面积的结合面为研究对象，通过结合面基础特性实验、结合面模态实验和有限元模拟相结合的方法识别了单位面积的结合面刚度和阻尼值。为了获得CK5116数控立式车床立柱—底座结合面的刚度及阻尼的量化值，论文最后建立了弹簧阻尼单元、接触单元和弹簧阻尼单元相结合的两种结合面动力学模型。将单位面积的刚度和阻尼值对面积积分后赋给结合面，作为结合面的初值。通过有限元模态分析和DASP动态测试仪的整机模态实验结果相对比，采用优化算法识别了立柱和底座的结合面力学特性参数值。建立了立柱—底座的结合面动力学模型，为机床结构动态优化设计奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 As cutting processing develops to the direction of high cutting speed, high feedspeed and high machining accuracy，Numerical control machine tools is required tohave not only good static characteristics, but also good dynamic characteristics. Asthe joint face existences massively in the structure of machine tool，the machine toolstructure is no longer continuous and the mechanical properties of machine toolbecomes complicated.Therefore, how to comprehensively consider the variousfactors affecting the joint face, recognize the rigidity and damping parameters of thejoint face, accurately establish the general dynamics model in theory which isapplied to the finite element modeling simulation process, is the key and difficults inthe current research of joint surface, And this paper is to solve this key issues.In this paper CK5116vertical lathe was taken as the research object, whicn wasproduced by Lanzhou machetool plant. The mechanical characteristics of columnand work-table joint face of CK5116vertical lathe has been researched.First of all, research is combined with the stiffness and damping mechanism,and analyzed the role and law about seven kinds of factors affecting the joint surfaceon the static and dynamic characteristics.Through three kinds of static model andtwo joint surface combining ways contrast, points out that the influence ofmechanical characteristic on the joint surface for static and dynamic characteristics.Then, based on the joint face basic characteristics theory, with the combinationof unit area face as the research object, through combining basic characteristics’experiment and surface modal experiment and finite element simulation method,Identified the combinational stiffness and damping values of unit area face.In order to obtain the stiffness and damping values of column and work-table onCK5116vertical lathe, the paper finally built two kinds of joint surface dynamicmodel:one is the spring damping unit model,another is contact element and springdamping unit model. After integral, the stiffness and damping values of unit area wasassigned to the joint face, as the initial value of joint face. Through contrast theresults of finite element modal analysis and the whole modal analysis of DASP tester,adopting the optimization algorithm to identify the mechanical properties of columnand work-table joint face. Establish the dynamics model of column and work-tablejoint face, lay the foundation.for machine tools structure dynamic optimizationdesign.更多还原