【作者】 孙爽；

【导师】 毕金平；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 经济法学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 被誉为“经济宪法”、“自由企业大宪章”的反垄断法,它的实施有两种途径：公共实施和私人实施。由国家反垄断主管机构对垄断行为进行监管的行为被称为公共实施；由私人主体发动引起的反垄断法实施,被称为私人实施。综合各国及国内的学者研究情况,对反垄断法中的私人实施,各国学者都有很多的论述和分析,并在这些研究和分析基础上逐步明确了它的作用、地位、法理上的认知,基本达成共识；但对于在理论上及实践中均易产生的私人实施与公共实施冲突与协调的问题作深入研究的却不多见。反垄断法实施中公共实施主要是体现在行政权的使用上,而私人实施主要是注重司法权的使用。在实践中若出现既可以由反垄断公共实施的行政主管部门主管又可以由私人通过司法程序直接提起民事损害赔偿诉讼的案件,在客观上就产生行政权与司法权同时行使来确认某些行为是否构成垄断的情况,也就是说反垄断法实施中公共实施与私人实施会产生冲突。当然,在运行过程、实施程序等方面,公共实施和私人实施也会产生冲突,这主要是由于公共实施与私人实施的立法主旨、界定标准和执法者理念等方面的不同。在当今世界各国仍以公共实施为主要的反垄断法实施的方式,正是基于在此情况下私人实施与公共实施必将在程序启动、程序运行以及后续诉讼等方面出现冲突与协调的问题,只有处理好二者之间的关系,才能使反垄断法的实施得以顺利进行,发挥其在经济生活中的重要作用,这已经成为反垄断法的重要课题。也只有公共实施与私人实施二者相互协调才能使反垄断法实施健康发展。在明确反垄断法关于公共实施与私人实施一般认知,奠定论述的基础；接着从二者在程序启动、程序运行以及后续诉讼三个方面提出可能发生的冲突表现,介绍域外各国协调此冲突的一般做法,为我国反垄断法提供借鉴；最后将整个视角转回到我国反垄断法的实施状况,以我国现行反垄断法的法律规定展开,并结合我国司法实践中的一般做法,对我国反垄断法中公共实施与私人实施冲突协调机制的建设提出一些建议。基于我国的国情民情,我国的反垄断法应以公共实施为主导,私人实施作为公共实施重要的支持也是不可或缺的；同时,公共实施对私人实施要有足够的支持,才能为其发展创造条件和提供适当的空间,特别注意的是公共实施还要对私人实施做适当的限制,避免出现对社会资源的浪费,也只有这样才能将私人实施的作用发挥得当。文章的分析和论述对公共实施和私人实施冲突与协调问题的研究有一定的理论和实践意义。就公共实施和私人实施冲突与协调问题的研究,开篇阐述论文选题的意义、背景、国内外研究情况、研究方法及主要内容综述；接着论述反垄断法实施体制的一般分析,此部分主要介绍对反垄断法中的公共实施和私人实施的内涵及在实施中的地位和作用,并对二者在实施中的优劣作出分析,为接下来的论述奠定理论的基础；再接着就各国反垄断法中公共实施与私人实施冲突与协调问题经验借鉴展开论述,主要通过提出问题,介绍美、德、日等国家的基本规定,并作出分析和评述,并希望从中获得启示,从而为构建适合我国的机制提供实践经验；最后针对我国反垄断法实施的现状,包括现行法律的规定及司法实践中二者协调的处理规则,对我国协调二者关系作出理解和分析,并为我国协调公共实施与私人实施冲突机制的建设提出建议,此部分是整个论文的核心。更多还原

【Abstract】 Known as the "economic constitution","Magna Carta of free enterprise," the antitrust laws, its implementation could use both public and private resources. Can be called a public implementation of any action taken by the antitrust authorities of the anti-competitive behavior; In addition to the antitrust authorities institutions, private market participants in the implementation of anti-monopoly law also plays an important role in this implementation by the private launch of the anti-monopoly law referred to as a private implementation. Private implementation of the anti-monopoly law, scholars from various countries have a lot of discussion and analysis, and gradually clear in his discussion of the role, status and legal basis of the content, but in theory and practice is easy to produceand public implementation of the competing issues for in-depth study less.Anti-monopoly law public enforcement is the executive power of early intervention, private implementation stressed is the importance of the judicial power. Either by anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies in charge of the people’s court by private parties directly filed an action for damages in the same case, the objective is the formation of the power of the executive and judicial branches at the same time exercise the identified illegal monopolistic behavior, it is inevitable in the publicthe implementation of a direct conflict with the private implementation of the applicable. Also, because the purpose of public enforcement and private implementation, standards, and the idea is different, will inevitably lead to public enforcement of antitrust laws and private implementation during operation, the implementation of procedures and other aspects of the contradictions and conflicts. Most countries is still a public implementation of private in this case, implementation and public implementation of the program starts, the program is running and subsequent litigation are possible coordination, how to deal with the relationship between the two, the more favorable anti-trustthe implementation, become an important issue. The only public implementation of the private implementation of the two coordinated to make anti-monopoly law and implementation of health development.From both the basis of a clear anti-monopoly law on public implementation of the private implementation of the general cognitive laid the full text of discourse; then the program starts, the program is running, as well as follow-up litigation three aspects of the performance of possible conflicts, introduced extraterritorial countries to coordinate thisthe general practice of the conflict, provide a reference for China’s anti-monopoly law; the entire field of view back to the status of implementation of China’s anti-monopoly law to expand the legal provisions of the existing anti-monopoly law in China, combined with the general practice of judicial practice in China,public implementation of the Antimonopoly Law, and the construction of the private implementation of the coordination mechanisms of conflict offer some suggestions. This article based on the feelings of China’s national conditions, China’s anti-monopoly law should be based on public implementation, the private implementation as a public implementation of support are also essential; the same time, the implementation of the private implementation of sufficient support in order for itscreate conditions for development and to provide appropriate space, special attention is a public implementation also implement appropriate restrictions on the private, to avoid the waste of social resources, and the only way to properly play the role of the private implementation. Analysis and discussion of the article, public implementation and private implementation of conflict and co-ordination of research has certain theoretical and practical significance.This paper designed a total of four parts:Part I Introduction on topics of significance, background, domestic and international research, research method and the main content Summary; the second part of the anti-monopoly law enforcement regimes Overview This section introducespublic implementation of the anti-monopoly law and private implementation of the general analysis of the position and role in the implementation of both the pros and cons in the implementation of an analysis, to lay a theoretical foundation for the next exposition; the third part of national anti-public monopoly law implementation and the private implementation of conflict and coordination problems experience, mainly by proposing to introduce the basic provisions of the United States, Germany, Japan and other countries, and to make analysis and comment, and hope to get inspiration from, so as to build for Chinamechanism to provide practical experience; the status of implementation of part IV for China’s anti-monopoly law, including the processing rules for their coordination in the current law and judicial practice, to understanding and analysis of China to coordinate the relationship between the two, and coordination of public implementation for ourwith the construction of the private implementation of the mechanism for Conflict recommendations, this section is the core of the paper.更多还原