【作者】 高琥乘；

【导师】 屈福政；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 履带起重机是以吊装一些质量大、体积大、普通设备难以搬运的物料为主的多用途工程机械,广泛地应用于大型工程建设中。履带起重机较其他起重机械的优势主要来源于它独特的行走机构,因而行走机构性能的优劣,直接影响着履带起重机整车的性能和市场生命力。当前,国内外大吨位履带起重机制造厂商大多采用靠液压马达及减速器驱动的行走系统,这种驱动方式虽然已经相当成熟,但考虑到大吨位履带吊的实际使用工况,传统驱动方式仍然存在着支撑机构复杂、系统耗能大、成本高等缺点,本文以某公司开发的750t履带起重机为参照机型,设计了利用液压缸驱动的新型行走机构及其液压系统,并利用Simscape软件对行走机构液压系统的动态特性进行仿真研究。(1)分析了能够实现参照机型行走性能的新型行走系统的可行性,并对新型行走机构液压系统及其主要动力元件进行初步集成设计；(2)应用数值分析软件Matlab软件创建新型行走系统模型,基于Simscape建立新型行走系统液压模型,提出参数设置及控制方法；(3) Simulink环境下对新型行走机构液压系统进行仿真分析,通过各显示器监测系统的压力及流量,分析换向过程和负载变化对液压系统的影响；(4)仿真分析了影响行走机构液压系统动态特性的主要因素,并对大型履带起重机的新型行走机构液压系统的控制提出了要求；(5)参照仿真结果对大型履带起重机新型行走机构液压系统进行了改进,通过对蓄能器及换向阀过渡机能的合理使用降低液压油缸换向运动的冲击。本文通过对履带起重机行走机构液压系统的仿真,为基于Simulink/SimHydraulic的复杂工程机械液压动态仿真分析做了有意义的尝试,其研究成果为指导履带起重机新型行走机构液压系统的设计、改进和优化提供了理论基础,具有一定的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Crawler crane is the multipurpose engineering machinery which is widely applied for large-scale construction engineering. It mainly lifts and loads materials of great mass, large size and those cannot be moved by normal machinery. Compared with other cranes, crawler crane has its own advantage of the particular traveling mechanism; therefore, the performance of the traveling mechanism has a direct impact on the performance of the entire crane and its market vitality.At present, most domestic and foreign large-tonnage crawler crane manufacturers tend to choose the traveling system driven by hydraulic motors and reducers. Although such driving pattern is rather mature, considering the actual usage of large-tonnage crawler crane, there is still some defects of this traditional driving pattern, such as the complexity of the support mechanism, high consumption of energy and high economic costs. Taking the750-ton crawler crane as a reference model, this paper will find methods to improve its traveling hydraulic system and use Simscape to do simulation studies on dynamic characteristics of the new system.Analyze the feasibility of the new hydraulic system to achieve the reference models traveling performance, and make a preliminary integrated design for the new hydraulic system.Establish the new traveling system model with the data-analyzing software Matlab. Based on Simscape, the hydraulic system simulation model is built and parameter settings as well as controlling methods are put forward.Simulate and analyze the traveling mechanism in Simulink environment and analyze how changes in time and pressure influence the hydraulic system through system pressure and flow which gets from sensors.Simulate and analyze the main factors that impact the dynamic characteristics of traveling hydraulic system and raise new requirements on hydraulic traveling mechanism control system of large crawler cranes.Consulting the simulation result, improve designs of new traveling hydraulic system on large crawler cranes. Reduce the impact of movements of the hydraulic cylinder commutation by reasonably use accumulator and transitional function of directional valve. By simulating crawler crane’s traveling hydraulic system, this paper made a significative attempt based on Simulink/SimHydraulic. The research output provides a theoretic base on leading design, improvement and optimizing of large crawler crane’s new traveling hydraulic system, and has a certain application prospect.更多还原