【作者】 任萍；

【导师】 尚富德；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 生态学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 益母草（Leonurus heterophyllus Houtt.）系唇形科（Lamiaceae）益母草属植物。一年生或两年生草本，全草可入药。主要分布在苏联、朝鲜、日本、热带亚洲、非洲以及美洲各地。我国大部分地区均有分布，生长于多种生境，尤以阳处为多。目前关于益母草遗传多样性的研究主要是借助RAPD、AFLP、ISSR等分子标记展开的。但是关于益母草SSR引物的开发的报道尚未见到。而用SCoT标记分析某一地区益母草种质资源遗传多样性的研究也未见报道。本文利用磁珠富集法，SCoT-银染技术，UPGMA聚类分析方法，从基因组DNA扩增多态性的角度，进行了如下探索：①益母草SSR引物的初步开发；②益母草植物66份材料遗传多样性、亲缘关系及其地理位置关系研究。本文旨在从基因组水平上为益母草植物分类提供科学依据，丰富益母草植物系统学研究的内容，为保护我国益母草种质资源的多样性提供理论依据。主要的研究结果如下：1.对SSR引物进行开发并加以检测。由于开发成功的引物较少，只做了初步分析，此方面的工作需要继续延续，且有必要性。2.借助ScoT这种新型分子标记对来自河南省内的66份益母草材料进行聚类分析。从36个引物中筛选出10对，共扩增得到240条清晰可统计的条带，其中多态性条带为240条，占总带数的100%。所得结果如下：①益母草具有非常丰富的多态性；②聚类结果显示地理距离与亲缘关系的远近有关，但地理距离远近不是主要因素，遗传背景因素起主要作用；③益母草的遗传分化主要存在居群内；④地理距离和遗传距离总体上呈不明显的正相关关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Motherwort (Leonurus heterophyllus Houtt.) is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant with medicinalproperties and a worldwide distribution in the Lamiaceae family.Growing in many habitats, especiallyunshaded places, L.Heterophyllus Houtt. can be found in most regions of China. Genetic diversity ofL.Heterophyllus Houtt. has been investigated using RAPD、AFLP and ISSR molecular markers.SSRprimers and the ScoT technique have not been previously employed in the study of L. Heterophyllus Houtt..Using the magnetic beads enriched, SCoT-silver staining techniques and the UPGMA cluster analysismethod, I explored:①the feasibility of SSR primers;②the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationshipof the66L.Heterophyllus Houtt.samples. The main results are as follows:⑴I have developed several SSR primers. Only preliminary analyses concerning these primers havebeen carried out due to the small number of successfully constructed primers. Futher research in this area isnecessary.⑵I selected ten pairs of SCoT primers from an initial library of36for the analysis, obtaining240clear amplified bands, all of which were polymorphic (100%).①L. Heterophyllus Houtt. appear to behighly polymorphic.②The clustering results show that the geographical distance and phylogeneticrelationship is associated, however, the geographical distance is not the main factors, genetic backgroundfactors play a major role..③Genetic diversity of the samples is dominated by inter-population variations.④Overall, geneticdistance was unobvious positively correlated with geographic distance.更多还原