【作者】 杨明堃；

【导师】 张金生；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 无线电物理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文设计了一种球载探空仪系统,实现对雷暴云中各种水成物粒子的图像拍摄和相关大气参数的数据采集,并根据探空仪前端信号传输需求,提出无线图像模拟传输和无线数据传输的混合无线传输方案。根据远距离传输需求,设计了带有自动跟踪功能的定向天线接收系统,将探空仪拍摄的图像和采集的数据可靠地传输到地面,在测控计算机中进行相关处理、图形化显示和数据存储。球载探空仪组成部分包括：微粒图像采集模块、微粒电量传感器、GPS接收模块、温湿度传感器、无线图像发射模块、无线数传发射模块,发射天线及供电电路模块等部分。地面接收系统分为：无线图像接收模块、无线数传接收模块、功率分配器、接收天线、跟踪系统及测控计算机等。文中详细阐述了各组成部分的工作原理及实现方法,完成了各模块硬件设计、制作和调试工作,并完成了整体电气连接和系统调试、测试。采用模数混合无线传输方案,极大地降低了探空仪数据处理部分的设计复杂度,接收系统中采用定向高增益接收天线,并设计配套的自动跟踪系统,使定向接收天线的主波束自动对准目标探空仪,极大地延长了无线传输的距离,可达20Km。根据所设计球载探空仪前段采集数据的特点,比较各种跟踪方案跟踪性能和实现复杂度的基础上,在接收系统中设计了基于GPS定位数据的自动跟踪机构,并设计手动跟踪辅助功能,完成各部分硬件制作和软件编写。通过实验室调试、多次野外测试,验证了设计方案的可行性,测试结果表明：系统稳定运行,通信距离远,抗干扰能力强,实用性强。本课题来源于中科院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所“国家自然科学青年基金”项目,基金批准号：40905001。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, a balloon carried sonde has been designed to capture the particle image in the thunder cloud and collect some atmospheric parameters. According to transmission requirement of the sonde signal, we proposed a hybrid wireless communication system which contains an analog wireless system and a digital system. To achieve long distance wireless communication, we also designed the matching directional antenna receiving system with automatic tracking function, which can keep the image and data transmitted to the ground stably, and complete the storage and graphical display process in the measurement and control computer.The sonde system includes:particle image sensor, particle charge sensor, GPS receiving module, temperature and humidity sensor, wireless analog transmission module, wireless data transmission module, power supply module and so on. The receiving part on the ground contains:wireless analog receiving module, wireless data receiving module, receiving antenna, power divider, tracking system, etc. This paper introduced working principle and realization method of each component in detail and also completed hardware design, fabrication, electrical connection and debugging of every component. Analog/digital mixed transmission system is adopted to greatly reduce the complexity of data processing module. Automatic tracking system is designed in the receiving system, which contains a directional receiving antenna, to make the main beam of the directional receiving antenna alignment target sonde, greatly extending the transmission distance up to20Km.Comparing performance of various transmission scheme, we proposed the automatic tracking method based on GPS positioning data. According to the characteristics of balloon carried sonde, manual tracking structure is designed as auxiliary function. Through laboratory debug and field test, the system is proved to be capable of completing long distance communication stably, which has the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability, and good practicality.This thesis originates from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Cold and Arid Regions "Natural Sciences Foundation of China" project, Fund approval number:40905001.更多还原