【作者】 闫赛超；

【导师】 刘平；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳师范大学 ， 社会学， 2012， 硕士

【副题名】基于四所院校“80后”大学生的分析

【摘要】 本文学术脉络的形成，首先是在社会转型的背景下，以“80后”大学生为研究对象，调查他们的生活压力现状并进行详细的分析，预防他们由于压力过大，对未来产生悲观预期或自杀倾向。本文将对“80后”大学生普遍感到压力过大的现状进行详细分析，本文一共分为三部分:第一部分提出了研究缘由。本文的主体是伴随改革开放成长起来，从刚刚步入高校至毕业后工作未稳定前的“80后”一代人，这一群体深受计划经济和市场经济的双重影响，一些社会问题给大学生带来的负面影响越来越明显。本文与古典社会学有两点不同，首先，社会背景。古典社会学所研究的社会转型是从传统到现代，新古典社会学既有从传统到现代的转型，又有从计划经济向市场经济转型，即双转型。其次，研究对象。古典社会学是对“自杀率”的研究,本文是对“自杀倾向”的研究。试图在社会学的视角上，界定与已发生的自杀现象关系较为密切的那些影响因素，将这些相关影响因素，界定为与特别群体相联系的自杀倾向。第二部分从生活压力中探讨自杀倾向的基本要素。作为伴随着社会转型成长起来的“80后”大学生深受计划经济和市场经济冲突的影响，他们具有计划经济和市场经济并存的双重价值标准，当新旧两种价值对立时，大学生可能会感到生活压力较大。借助于对这个历史时期最敏感的“80后”精英阶层的社会意识状况，来反映社会转型时期的结构性的压力和个性化的化解压力之间的紧张状况。借助这个压力，探讨自杀倾向的相关因素，这就是本文的研究宗旨和研究目的。第三部分对社会转型期自杀倾向的影响因素进行详细分析。第一，社会文化价值，包括传统文化与现代文化之间、理想文化与现实文化之间的冲突；第二，家庭环境，包括家庭结构变化、家庭经济状况变化、家庭和睦度等；第三，个人社会资源，包括个人社会关系和个人社会支持。第四，感情困扰，包括大学生面临越来越复杂的个人情感问题、个人精神病学和心理学因素；如果有人同时具备其中几种因素，很容易对未来产生悲观预期，产生自杀倾向。笔者结论认为，当我们愤慨市场经济世风日下、感慨大学生压力过大的时候，应该考虑社会变迁的大背景，因为用以反映和调节计划经济利益关系的道德规范已不再适应市场经济的社会状况，当我们无力使社会规范完全适应市场经济的时候，应该从社会、学校、家庭、个人多方面着手，为“80后”大学生营造一个良好宽松的社会氛围、学校氛围和家庭氛围，不要等到大学生由于压力过大，对未来产生悲观预期，甚至采取自杀行为时空发感慨。更多还原

【Abstract】 The academic context of this paper is that thinking about the generation after 80scollege students as the research object in the special period under the context of theContext of Social Transformation and analyzes their varieties of pressure. Prevent themfrom producing pessimistic expectations, because the pressure is too big. This paper willanalyze the main reasons thoroughly. This paper is divided into three parts.Speaking from the first part is the reasons for study. As the social transformation ofthe generation after 80s college students are influenced by plan economy and marketeconomy conflict, the negative effect of college students is more and more obvious. Thereare two different between this paper and classical sociology. First of all, Social background.Classical sociology is from traditional to modern, so new classical sociology is both thetransformation from tradition to modern times and from the planned economy to themarket economy transformation, namely double transformation. Secondly, the researchobjects. The research object of classical sociology is the suicide rate. Durkheim use socialstatistical method, and establishes the empirical research program——theory assumes、experience survey、testing this theory. This paper is to study the suicidal tendency. Suicidaltendency’s some of the changes and features happened before the subjective psychologicalstate. In the viewpoint of sociology, by using of the existing suicidal phenomenon and itsrelated causes of suicide, to define those close factors and these related factors are definedas suicidal tendency associated with special groups.The second part is mainly to analyze the influence factors of suicidal tendency fromlife’s pressure. The subject of this paper growing up with transformation, they are just entercollege and have not find a appropriate job. They have planned economy and marketeconomy the dual standard, and when two opposite value conflict, they will be anxiety,stress and disoriented. The author issues questionnaire analysis on 200 university students, nearly fifty percent of college students reflect pressure great. In this historical period withthe most sensitive after 80 elite social consciousness, to reflect the structural pressure andpersonalized defuse the tension between pressure situation. With this pressure, this paperdiscusses the related factors of suicide factors; this is the aim and purpose. If someonealong with several of those factors, it is easy to produce pessimistic expectations for thefuture, suicidal tendencies.The third part analysis the influence factors of suicide tendency in socialtransformation. Firstly, Social and cultural value, including traditional culture and modernculture’s conflict and the ideal and the reality’s conflict; Secondly, Family environment,including the change of family structure, family economic conditions and the marriage ofpeace; Thirdly, individuals of social resources, including personal relationships andpersonal social support.；Fourthly, Emotional distress, College students are facing moreand more complex personal emotional problems and psychological factors. In general,when we complain the world is getting worse day by day，we should consider the socialtransformation. To reflect and adjust the interest ethics of plan economy has no longeradapt to market economy, when we are unable to make social norms completely adapt tothe market economy, we should begin with family, school, society, community andindividual, to build a good social atmosphere ,relaxed school atmosphere and familyatmosphere for the generation after 80s college students. Don’t wait college students toproduce pessimistic expectations for future, even take suicide because of having greatpressure, then fill with regrets.更多还原