【作者】 王雪；

【导师】 申萍；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 电气工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 为实时、可靠地对TCN运行情况进行监控,目前实际列车通信设备中往往设置车载计算机作为其核心。嵌入式系统是控制、监视或者辅助控制设备运行的系统,它是软件和硬件的结合体,适用于像车载计算机应用系统这样对功能、可靠性、体积和功耗要求都比较严格的专用计算机系统。国外对列车通信设备的开发技术相对成熟,已经实现了嵌入式车载计算机与TCN技术的结合,且正形成垄断态势。而国内对该项技术的研究起步较晚,开发应用较少,尚需搭建实验平台,开发出具有自主知识产权的设备产品,以增强国际竞争力并推动我国列车通信网络的建设。VME总线是嵌入式系统常用的板级通信总线。本文以实现VME的板级通信为切入点,搭建了嵌入式计算机与TCN网络MVB层的互联系统,使得该通信设备具有MVB网络接口功能。因为实验室的MVB技术成熟,所以研究工作主要围绕嵌入式系统主控单元和VME总线接口展开。嵌入式系统主控单元是基于Power PC处理器MPC8245,在VxWorks操作系统中对开发板自下向上进行了二次开发,以满足硬软件实际的接口和功能需求。硬件上设计并制作了与开发板匹配的接口板,软件上在Tornado2.2环境中开发了Vx Works操作系统下适用于硬件的底层BSP,并开发顶层应用程序,通过测试对串口、以太网、VME总线访问、实时时钟和看门狗等各个单元模块进行了验证。全自主研发具有MVB接口的3U通信板卡,完成硬件设计和部分软件设计：VME逻辑接口功能采用Verilog HDL硬件语言在FPGA上开发,实现A16/D16模式数据交换；MVB网络设备功能采用FPGA+NiosII软核处理器的方式,移植了实验室自主研发的MVBC内核,并在顶层设计了配合上位机对MVB网络数据进行读写的应用程序。在上述研究成果的基础上,结合实验室现有的MVB设备进行了符合现场应用的电气中距离的组网实验。根据通信设备实际需求,在VC++6.0环境下开发了基于以太网通信的上位机软件。在实验中,使用上位机经由主控单元对MVB网络设备进行配置,并通过VME总线读写网络数据,验证了方案可行性。最后,总结了论文中所涉及工作的重点成果,指出了本系统中有待继续完善的技术点,并对列车网络通信设备技术的发展趋势进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to monitor real-time, reliable operation of TCN, communication equipments on actual trains often set up a microcomputer as the core at present. The embedded system is the system to control, monitor, or assist control operation of equipments, which is a combination of software and hardware. It applys to the special computer system with demanding function, reliability, volume and power consumption, such as the on-board microcomputer application system. Foreign train communication equipment technology is relatively mature and it has been realized to combine the embedded on-board computer with TCN, which formed a kind of monopoly advantage. On contrary, the domestic technology started later and application development is less. It’s necessary to build experimental platform to develop the equipment products with independent intellectual property rights, so as to enhance the international competitiveness and promote the construction of native train communication network.VME bus is the commonly used board level communication bus in embedded system. This paper taking realizing the board level VME communication as the breakthrough point, built the interconnected system between embedded computer and MVB layer of TCN network, allowing the communication equipment to own MVB network interface function. Because of the laboratory mature MVB technology, the work focused on the embedded system master control unit and VME bus interface.To meet the actual interface and functional requirements on both hardware and software, it accomplished bottom-up secondary development of development board in VxWorks operating systems based on Power PC processor MPC8245. In the respect of hardware, it designed and produced the interface board matching for the MPC8245development board. In the respect of software, it developed the bottom BSP fit for the hardware used in Vx Works operating system, in Tornado2.2environment. Besides, the top applications have been designed and each unit module on the main control board has been tested including UART, Ethernet, VME bus access, real time clock and watchdog, etc.Then the paper researched and developed a3U communication unit with MVB interface independently, which covered hardware and a part of software:VME logical interface function using Verilog HDL hardware language to realize data exchange in A16/D16mode on FPGA; MVB network equipment function based on the method of FPGA+NiosII soft processors, transplanted independent laboratory MVBC kernel, and designed the top applications to read or write MVB network data matching for PCOn the basis of above achievements, it finished the network experiment using laboratory existing MVB equipment, according to to field application of EMD. In additional, according to the equipment’s actual demand, it used VC++6.0to develop PC software based on Ethernet. In the experiment, PC software can get through MVB configuration and reading or writing network data on VME bus through CPU board, which proved the feasibility of the program.Finally, the paper summarized the key achievements about the work, and pointed out the technical points that the system needs to be continued to improve. What’s more, the development tendency of train network communication equipment technology was analyzed on the forecast.更多还原