【作者】 王军涛；

【导师】 杜贞栋； 张克峰；

【作者基本信息】 山东建筑大学 ， 市政工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 淄川区煤矿资源丰富,是淄博市主要的产煤区之一。经过长期的开采,特别是上世纪的大规模开采,淄川区煤矿已经进入衰老期。特别是洪山、寨里煤矿停产闭坑后,停止抽排地下水,矿坑水位上涨,改变了地下水动力场,对地下水水化学场产生深刻影响,引起当地地下水水质恶化,给居民生活和工农业生产带来不利影响。闭坑矿区矿坑水位上升沿斜井自流和开采矿山疏干排水,不仅浪费了地下水资源,同时也污染了的地表水,形成了研究区内水源性、水质性缺水并存的局面。通过对矿区地表水和地下水做了相应的污染评价,总体看区内地表水以高硫酸盐为主要特征,硫酸盐普遍高于250m/L,表现出受矿坑水污染的水质特征。区内岩溶水总体可划分为微污染、轻污染、中污染、重污染和严重污染五个级别,地下水中的主要污染物以SO42-、总硬度、矿化度为主。裂隙水污染相对溶岩水较普遍,尤其是呈条带状分布于孝妇河沿岸一线,由离河远近依次为中污染、重污染、严重污染。第四系孔隙水直接受河水水质的影响,孝妇河沿岸污染程度一般为重污染和严重污染,主要污染物为SO42-、总硬度、TDS等。通过对矿坑水水质特征及演化的研究,发现矿坑排水化学成分的形成,就是从FeS2被氧化开始以及后续一系列反应过程的结果。煤矿闭坑后矿坑水水质特点为：高硫酸盐、高硬度、高矿化度。通过土柱试验说明洪山矿区由于闭坑,停止矿坑水灌溉后,土壤对SO42-具有吸附能力,吸附作用具有时间短、速度快、易饱和的特征,而且土壤中的SO42-解吸、转移能力较强易随大气降水入渗污染地下水。根据本次地下水质量评价和污染评价,可以看出在洪山闭坑矿区裂隙岩溶水水质分布规律与其它矿区不同,存在串层污染问题。通过抽水试验、封堵试验发现控制串层污染的基本方法有三个,一是切断污染通道；二是控制地下水流场形态,防止污染扩散；三是预控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal resources is very rich at Zichuan.It is one of the major coal-producing district of Zibo City. After a long mining, especially large-scale exploitation of the previous century, Zichuan District coal mines into the aging period. Especially Hongshan and Zhaili coal discontinued or ceased, stopped pumping groundwater, the pit water level rised, the hydrodynamic field changed, had a profound impact on groundwater chemical field, caused deterioration of the local groundwater quality,had an adverse impact to living and industrial and agricultural production. Ceased mining pit water level rising edge of inclined gravity and exploitation of the mine dewatering and drainage, not only wasted groundwater resources but also.contaminated surface water, lack of water on water and quality coexisted in the study area.Through the mining area of surface water and groundwater pollution evaluation, the overall look of the regional surface water with high sulfate as the main feature, the sulfate is generally higher than250mg/L, showing a pit of water pollution water quality characteristics. Region karst water in general can be divided into micro-pollution, light pollution, pollution, heavy pollution and severe pollution of five levels of major pollutants in the groundwater of SO42-, total hardness, salinity dominated. Fissure water pollution relatively lava water is more common, especially banded distribution Xiaofu River front-line, by the distance followed by contamination from the river, heavy pollution and severe pollution. Quaternary pore water is directly affected by river water quality, Xiaofu River pollution levels are generally heavy pollution and severe pollution, the major pollutants are SO42-, total hardness, TDS, etc.Through the pit water quality characteristics and evolution of research, found that the formation of the chemical composition of mine drainage is from FeS2oxidized, and the results of follow-up series of reactions. Coal mine closure pit water quality feature:high sulfate, high hardness, high salinity.Through the groundwater quality assessment and pollution assessment, we can see that in the Hongshan closure mine karstic water quality distribution law is unlike in other mining areas. There is the problem cross strata pollution. By the pumping test, block test found that three basic methods to control cross strata pollution:cut the pollution channel; control groundwater flow field patterns, to prevent the spread of contamination; pre-control.更多还原