【作者】 姚志华；

【导师】 王志军；

【作者基本信息】 中北大学 ， 弹箭飞行与控制工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 机场跑道地下未爆弹的排除是保证作战飞机快速升空的重点。如何能快速、安全的将其排除直接影响着战场制空权争夺的主动权，是影响着战争胜负的关键。本文提出了利用破-破串联战斗部排除机场跑道下方两米处未爆弹药的设想。首先介绍了目前弹药销毁技术和机场未爆弹排除方法的研究现状，并对炸药冲击起爆的机理和判据进行了叙述。通过破-破串联战斗部的两种方案的对比，确定了逆序起爆串联战斗部作为机场排爆战斗部的总体方案。通过理论分析和数值模拟的方法，分析了前、后级的结构参数对串联聚能装药射流成型的影响，并对机场跑道的靶板模型进行了侵彻模拟。通过数值模拟的方法，分析了结构参数对K装药形成杆式射流性能的影响，得出了侵彻体的速度、长度、动能和装药能量利用率的具体的变化规律；分析了中心带孔成型装药的成型机理，得出了形成的侵彻体可以分为两部分:由中心衬管形成的前段高速射流和带孔药型罩形成的后段低速射流组成。分析了中心带孔成型装药的结构参数对形成侵彻体性能的影响，得出了侵彻体的头部速度、速度梯度、长度和动能的具体变化规律。最后添加靶板进行了威力验证。研究表明：（1）药型罩高度40 mm＜H＜60 mm、药型罩曲率半径300 mm＜R＜500 mm。、药型罩厚度3 mm<δ<5 mm、装药长径比为0.7＜λ＜0.9时，后级K装药形成的侵彻体性能较好。K装药通过采用与药型罩结构匹配的波形控制器来提高射流的速度、长度、能量。有波形调整器的装药的比没有波形调整器的能量利用率提高了17.6％。速度提高42.5％，射流能量增加2.5倍，长度增加1倍。（2）前级中心带孔药型罩的锥角90°＜α＜110°、中心孔直径和装药直径的比值η存在一个最佳值于0＜η＜7.5，η＞7.5时，在满足后级要求的前提下，中心孔直径越小形成的侵彻体性能越好，装药长径比0.7＜λ＜0.9时，形成的侵彻体性能较好。（3）所设计的用于串联战斗部能够穿透两米深的机场跑道及下方10 mm厚的装甲钢，且起爆装有COMP.B等钝感炸药的未爆弹战斗部。本文研究结果可为机场未爆弹排除技术的研究提供借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Clearance of Unexploded Ordnance under the runway is the key point to guaranteecombat aircrafts taking off in time. Cleaning the unexploded ordnance fast and safely directlyaffects the striving for air supremacy, and also it is the key to achieve the victory of warfare.An assumption of broken, broken tandem warhead is proposed to exclude unexplodedordnance two meters below the airport runway. The current situation of ammunition disposaltechnology and airport unexploded ordnance removal method was introduced firstly, and thenthe shock initiation mechanism and criterion were described. Through the comparison of twokinds of broken, broken tandem warhead scheme, the reverse priming tandem warhead wasdetermined as the EOD warhead scheme of airport. The effect of forward and backwardparameters of tandem shaped charge warhead were analyzed by theoretical analysis andnumerical simulations, and simulations of penetrating airport runway target model werecarried out as well.The effect of structural parameters for the rod-like jet forming performance of K chargewas analyzed by means of numerical simulation, and the change laws of velocity, length,kinetic energy and total charge of the projectile were obtained. The forming mechanism ofcentral-hole shaped charge was analyzed, and the former high speed jet formed by the centralscreened pipe and the latter slow speed jet formed by the central-hole shaped charge make upthe projectile. The effects of central-hole shaped charge structural parameters for theprojectile were analyzed, and the change laws of head velocity, velocity gradient, length,kinetic energy of the projectile were obtained, and performance testing was carried out bypenetrating plate. The results shows that：（1）while length 40 mm＜H＜60 mm, curvatureradius 300 mm＜R＜500 mm, thickness 3 mm<δ<5 mm, charge slenderness rate0.7＜λ＜ 0.9 ,the penetration capability of projectile is better. For K charge, appropriate detonationwave controller can be applied to the charge to enhance the speed, length-diameter ratio,energy of the projectile. The energy utilization rate of the projectile with detonation wavecontroller is promoted by 17.6％, the speed is 42.5％higher, the length is 2 times longer, andthe energy is 2.5 times enhanced. (2)The ratioτof center hole diameter and charge diameterhas a best range 0＜η＜7.5 while the coning angle of liner 90°＜α＜110°.The smaller of thecenter hole diameter，the better performance of the projectile withη＞7.5 and under therequest of forward charge. Meanwhile, the projectile has a better performance while chargeslenderness ratio 0.7＜λ＜0.9.The warhead designed in this paper can penetrate 10 mm armor plate two meters belowthe runway, and initiating an unexploded COMP.B insensitive explosive warhead. The resultsof the research can provide a reference for the study of airport unexploded ordnance removaltechnology.更多还原