【作者】 李小燕；

【导师】 华万森； 周建豪；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 具有良好阻燃性能及价格适中的溴系阻燃剂,在阻燃剂市场中备受青睐；而具有优异热稳定性和与高分子化合物良好相容性的氮系阻燃剂,也日益成为人们研究的焦点。2,2-二[4-(2’,3’-二溴)丙氧基-3-氨基苯基]丙烷是一种含氮和溴的阻燃剂中间体,作为添加型阻燃剂,可广泛应用于家用电器,交通运输,日用家居及航空等方面。本文以双酚A为原料,经硝化、醚化、溴化及还原四步,合成目标产物2,2-[4-(2’,3’-二溴)丙氧基-3-氨基苯基]丙烷,并通过高效液相色谱、熔点、质谱、红外光谱、核磁共振等手段对反应过程和反应产物进行跟踪和表征。同时对反应过程中反应温度、反应时间、物料配比等因素对反应的影响进行了分析,找到了最优的反应条件,最后通过热重分析,对目标产物的阻燃性能进行了分析。实验表明：硝化反应中双酚A用量为2.3 g,浓硝酸用量为6 mL,反应温度为25℃,反应时间为3 h,合成2,2-二(4-羟基-3-硝基苯基)丙烷；醚化反应中2,2-二(4-羟基-3-硝基苯基)丙烷：溴丙稀：四丁基溴化铵：碳酸钾(物质的量之比)=1：2.4：0.12：2.4,反应时间为5 h,回流温度下合成2,2-二(4-烯丙氧基-3-硝基苯基)丙烷；溴化反应中2,2-二(4-烯丙氧基-3-硝基苯基)丙烷与溴的物质的量之比为1：2.2,二氯甲烷为溶剂,在温度为20～30℃的条件下合成2,2-二[4-(2’,3’-二溴)丙氧基-3-硝基苯基]丙烷；还原反应中2,2-二[4-(2’,3’-二溴)丙氧基-3-硝基苯基]丙烷与氯化亚锡的物质的量之比为1：10,在氯化亚锡-盐酸还原体系中还原得到目标产物2,2-二[4-(2’,3’-二溴)丙氧基-3-氨基苯基]丙烷。更多还原

【Abstract】 Brominated flame retardants have become widely accepted in flame retardants market for their good flame retardant properties and moderate price; nitrogen flame retardants for their excellent thermal stability and good compatibility with the polymers have already come into focus day by day.2,2-bis(4-(2’,3’-dibromopropoxy)-3-aminophophenyl)propane is an ad-ditional flame-retardant intermediate containing nitrogen, bromine,which can be widely used in household appliances, transportation, daily home,aviation an so on.In the paper,2,2-bis(4-(2’,3’-dibromopropoxy)-3-aminophenyl)propane was synthesized with bisphenol A through four steps:nitration, etherification, bromination and reduction. The reaction processes were monitored by HPLC and the products were confirmed by M.P、MS、IR and NMR. The effects during the reactions, such as the reaction time、temperature and molar ratio were discussed and the best process conditions were confirmed. Finally, the flame-retardant properties of the target product were analyzed through TG.Experiments show that:In the nitration reaction,2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) propane could be synthesized under the conditions of the amount of the bisphenol A was 2.3g, the volume of concentrated nitric acid was 6 mL, the reaction temperature was 25℃, and the reaction time was 3 h. In the etherification reaction,2,2-bis (4-al-lyloxy-3-nitrophenyl) propane could be synthesized under the conditions of the molar ratio of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl) propane:propylene bromide:tetrabutyl am-monium bromide:potassium carbonate was 1:2.4:0.12:2.4, the reaction time was 5h under the reflux temperature. In the bromination reaction,2,2-bis[4-(2’,3’-dibromo) pro-poxy-3-nitropenyl] propane coule be could be synthesized under the conditions of the molar ratio of 2,2-bis(4-allyloxy-3-nitrophenyl) propane to liquid bromine was 1:2.2, dichloromethane as solvent at a temperature of 20-30℃. In the reduction reaction, 2,2-bis [4-(2’,3’-dibromo) propoxy-3-aminophenyl] propane coule be synthesized under the stannous cloride-hydrochloric acid reduction system of the molar ratio of 2,2-bis [4-(2’,3’-dibromo) propoxy-3-nitropenyl] propane to stannous chloride was 1:10.更多还原