【作者】 周翔；

【导师】 莫建光；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 食品科学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 樟树是一种多用途树种,精油含量高,可被应用到各种行业,广西樟树资源丰富,发展前景广阔。本研究通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取出采集自广西六个樟树林区的64份樟树枝叶样品的精油并计算得油率,利用GC-MS法测定和分析各样品的化学组分和相对含量,通过主成分分析和聚类分析确定了广西樟树的化学类型,同时,对24份芳樟醇型樟树精油样品进行了GC-MS分析,建立了广西芳樟醇型樟树精油指纹图谱。研究结果如下：(1)广西樟树精油的得油率在1.22%-2.22%之间,变异系数为13.57%,平均得油率为1.64%,广西樟树枝叶精油中共鉴定出56种化学成分,其中主要成分有芳樟醇、樟脑、桉叶油素、橙花叔醇、α-蒎烯、4-萜烯醇、α-松油醇等。(2)通过对64份广西不同产地樟树枝叶精油样品的主成分分析,提取出五个主成分评价原15个主要化学成分间的相关变化。第一主成分中主要起作用的是α-蒎烯和4-萜烯醇,第二主成分中主要起作用的是橙花叔醇和α-葎草烯,第三主成分中主要起作用的是α-松油醇和桉叶油素,第四主成分中主要起作用的是樟脑和芳樟醇,第五主成分中主要起作用的是月桂烯。利用樟树精油主成分分析进行聚类分析,并结合GC-MS分析结果,选取了欧氏距离平方距离测度法和离差平方和聚类方法的聚类结果,当聚类水平为22时,将广西樟树分为五种化学类型：芳樟醇型、橙花叔醇型、桉叶油素型、樟脑型和蒎烯-萜烯醇型。其中芳樟醇型分布最广泛,芳樟醇含量占绝对优势。(3)建立了广西芳樟醇型樟树精油的GC-MS指纹图谱分析条件：色谱柱为DB-5MS非极性毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),柱初始温度60℃保持2min,以3℃/min升至180℃,再以20℃/min升至280℃,溶剂延迟2.15min；进样口温度：230℃；载气为高纯He,载气流量为1.0mL/min;进样量：1.0μL；不分流。质谱接口温度：250℃；电离方式：EI；电子能量：70eV；离子源温度：200℃；扫描范围：40-1000 m/z,标准检索质谱库为NIST(2005).建立广西芳樟醇型樟树精油指纹图谱,共有14个共有峰,其中8号峰为主峰,经标准品指认及质谱检索为芳樟醇。24份样品的指纹图谱相似度均在0.9-1.0范围内,符合《中药注射剂指纹图谱研究的技术要求(暂行)》中的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl is a multipurpose tree species, rich in essential oil content, can be applied to a variety of industries, Cinnamomum camphorastem is rich in resources of Guangxi,so have broad development prospects. In this study, acquisition of 64 samples from six Cinnamomum camphorastem forest foliage in Guangxi are extracted by steam distillation of essential oil and camphor oil yield calculated,and use GC-MS analysis and the chemical composition and relative contents of the samples. Through principal component analysis and clustering analysis to determine the chemical type, at the same time, GC-MS analysis was performed for 24 samples of six genuine producing areas in guangxi from linalool type of Cinnamomum camphorastem, establish the method of fingerprint analysis on essential oil from linalool type. The results are as follows:(1) The results show that, Guangxi Cinnamomum camphorastem essential oil rate was 1.22%-2.22%, and coefficient of variation was 13.57%, the average rate was 1.64%, Guangxi camphor tree branches that are relatively rich in essential oil content, quite different, but the main chemical composition were clearly. Identified 56 species chemical constituents in Guangxi camphor leaves essential oil, higher levels of the composition in linalool, camphor, nerolidol, eucalyptol, a-pinene, a-terpineol, terpinen-4-ol and so on.(2) Through the 64 camphor essential oil samples from different areas of Guangxi principal component analysis, evaluation of extracted five principal components of the original 15 major inter-related changes in chemical composition. The first main component is the main role of a-pinene and terpinen-4-ol, the second main component is the main role of nerolidol and a-caryophyllene, the third main component is the main role of eucalyptol anda-terpineol, the fourth main component is the main role of camphor and linalool, the fifth main component is the main role of myrcene.After principal component analysis, the clustering analysis is made.The Ward’s method and the squared Euelidean distance are adopted in the process of the clustering analysis. By clustering analysis(Num=22), The Guangxi Cinnamomum camphorastem is divided into five biochemical types:the linalool type,the nerolidol type,the eucalyptol type,the camphor type and the pinene-terpineol type.The linalool type distribute most widely and linalool contents were highest.(3) Established the method of fingerprint analysis on essential oil from linalool type of Cinnamomum camphorastem in guangxi province by GC-MS,themethod were:DB-5MS column(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm),At first column temperature is 60℃,maintained 2 minutes,then 3℃/min rose to 180℃,then 20℃/min rose to 280℃,solvent delay time of 2.15 minutes; injection temperature is 230℃;connector temperature is 250℃; carrier gas was high purity He,the flow rate of 1.0mL/min,splitless;EI electron source;ion sourcr temperature is 200℃;scan range are 40～1000 m/z;use the standard library NIST(2005).Established the GC-MS fingerprints of essential oil of linalool-type. The 14 feature peaks in fingerprints of essential oil from linalool type of Cinnamomum camphorastem in guangxi province were identified,No.8 peak was the main peak, by standard search and mass spectro Identified for the linalool. The resemblance was higher among 24 samples, meet the requirements of the State Food and Drug Administration.更多还原